ATI RN
Current Issues in Maternal-Newborn Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
When reviewing a new patient’s birth plan, the nurse notices that the patient will be bringing a doula to the hospital during labor. What does the nurse think that this means?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A doula is a trained labor support person who provides physical, emotional, and informational support to the mother before, during, and after childbirth. They are not typically a family member like a grandmother (option A) and do not involve playing a special video (option C) or bringing a bag of equipment (option D). The presence of a doula can help improve birth outcomes, provide continuous support, and enhance the birthing experience for the mother.
Question 2 of 5
A 48-year-old female patient presents to the OB/GYN clinic for her annual examination. She states that she has had the following symptoms: mood swings, irregular menstrual cycles, forgetfulness, food cravings, and a decrease in libido. Which of the following does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Perimenopause is the transitional period leading to menopause that usually begins in a woman's 40s but can start earlier. During this phase, women may experience symptoms such as mood swings, irregular menstrual cycles, forgetfulness, food cravings, and a decrease in libido, as described by the patient in this case. These symptoms are caused by hormonal fluctuations as the ovaries start to produce less estrogen in preparation for menopause. Menopause occurs when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 consecutive months. Postmenopause, on the other hand, refers to the stage after menopause, where menopausal symptoms have generally subsided. The symptoms described by the patient are more indicative of the perimenopausal stage rather than pregnancy, as they are typical signs of hormonal changes associated with the menopausal transition.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is providing care to a 72-year-old female patient. While providing care, the nurse instructs the patient to slowly rise from a sitting or prone position. What is the pathophysiological reason for this instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: As people age, their baroreceptor sensitivity decreases, making them more prone to orthostatic hypotension, especially when changing positions quickly. Orthostatic hypotension is a significant concern in the elderly population as it can lead to falls and injuries. By instructing the patient to rise slowly from a sitting or prone position, the nurse is helping to prevent a rapid drop in blood pressure that can occur with sudden position changes. This precaution is particularly important in elderly patients to minimize the risk of falls and subsequent injuries.
Question 4 of 5
A college-aged female patient states that she understands the risk of sexual assault with overdrinking. She asks the nurse what health risks are associated with excessive alcohol intake for her age. What diseases or conditions should the nurse include in her response? Select all that apply
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Infertility. Excessive alcohol intake in college-aged females can lead to disruptions in the menstrual cycle, hormonal imbalances, and ultimately impact fertility. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the patient on this potential consequence to empower her to make informed decisions about alcohol consumption and its effects on her reproductive health. Option B) Cancer of the mouth is a health risk associated with excessive alcohol intake, but it is more commonly linked to long-term heavy drinking rather than specifically in college-aged females. While it is important to be aware of this risk, infertility is a more immediate concern for the patient in this context. Option C) Hypertension is a possible consequence of long-term alcohol abuse, but it is less likely to be a pressing issue for a college-aged female who is currently overdrinking. It is important for the nurse to focus on more immediate and relevant health risks in this situation. Option D) Brain shrinkage is a consequence typically associated with chronic alcohol abuse over a long period of time and is not an immediate concern for a college-aged female who is inquiring about the health risks of overdrinking. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to provide accurate and relevant information to patients, tailored to their age group and specific concerns. By explaining the immediate health risks of excessive alcohol intake, nurses can help empower young adults to make healthier choices and protect their overall well-being.
Question 5 of 5
The telephone triage nurse receives a call from a patient who is 5 days postoperative total abdominal hysterectomy. The patient states that her pain is not relieved with the medications and that she has noticed blood in her urine. The nurse instructs the patient to report immediately to the emergency department. What does the nurse suspect as the surgical complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this situation where the patient is 5 days postoperative total abdominal hysterectomy and experiencing pain that is not relieved with medications, the nurse should suspect a possible hemorrhage from the internal incision. Although some pain is expected postoperatively, severe or worsening pain that is not relieved with medications can indicate a complication such as internal bleeding. Immediate medical attention is needed to assess and manage any potential hemorrhage to prevent further complications or adverse outcomes. Other signs of internal bleeding may include symptoms such as increasing abdominal distention, tachycardia, hypotension, and signs of shock.