ATI RN
Community and Public Health Nursing Evidence for Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
When residents obtain water from an artesian well in the neighborhood, the level of this approved type of water facility is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: II. Artesian wells are classified as type II water facilities, which are groundwater sources that are protected from surface contamination. This classification is based on the level of protection and vulnerability of the water source. Type I facilities are surface water sources, while type III and IV facilities have varying degrees of protection and vulnerability. Therefore, when residents obtain water from an artesian well, it falls under type II classification due to its groundwater source and protection from surface contamination.
Question 2 of 5
In IMCI, severe conditions generally require urgent referral to a hospital. Which of the following severe conditions Does not always require urgent referral to hospital?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer A is correct: 1. Mastoiditis is an infection of the mastoid bone behind the ear. 2. Severe mastoiditis may require hospitalization but not always urgent. 3. Other options like severe dehydration, pneumonia, and febrile disease usually need urgent hospital referral. Summary: Mastoiditis may not always necessitate immediate hospital referral compared to the other severe conditions listed.
Question 3 of 5
A 3-year old child was brought by his mother to the health center because of fever of 4-day duration. The child had a positive tourniquet test result. In the absence of other signs, which of the most appropriate measure that the PHN may carry out to prevent Dengue shock syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the mother to give the child Oresol. For a 3-year-old child with a positive tourniquet test and fever, the most appropriate initial measure to prevent Dengue shock syndrome is oral rehydration therapy with Oresol. This is because maintaining hydration is crucial in Dengue fever management. Inserting an NGT and giving fluids per NGT (choice A) is invasive and not necessary at this point. Starting the patient on IV Stat (choice C) is too aggressive for a stable child with no signs of shock. Referring the client to the physician (choice D) is not the first step in management and can delay necessary interventions. Oral rehydration therapy is simple, effective, and helps prevent dehydration in children with Dengue fever.
Question 4 of 5
Among the following diseases, which is airborne?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Measles. Measles is an airborne disease caused by a virus that spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This mode of transmission makes it highly contagious. Viral conjunctivitis (A) is spread through direct contact with eye secretions, not airborne. Acute poliomyelitis (B) is transmitted through contaminated food and water, not airborne. Diphtheria (C) is spread through respiratory droplets, but it is primarily transmitted through close physical contact, not solely by airborne transmission like measles.
Question 5 of 5
The use of larvivorous fish in malaria control is the basis for which strategy of malaria control?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Zooprophylaxis. Larvivorous fish are used in malaria control through zooprophylaxis, which involves using animals to reduce disease transmission. These fish feed on mosquito larvae, hence reducing the mosquito population and decreasing the spread of malaria. Stream seeding (A) involves introducing plant seeds into streams, not fish. Stream clearing (B) focuses on removing debris and obstacles from streams, not using fish. Destruction of breeding places (C) involves eliminating stagnant water sources where mosquitoes breed, not using larvivorous fish. Therefore, the correct choice is D as it directly relates to the use of larvivorous fish in malaria control.