When preparing a client for transfer to the ICU for placement of a pulmonary artery catheter, the nurse should explain that this catheter is used to monitor which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hemodynamic status. A pulmonary artery catheter is used to monitor hemodynamic parameters such as cardiac output, pulmonary artery pressure, and central venous pressure. This helps assess the patient's circulatory status and guide interventions in critically ill patients. Explanation: 1. Pulmonary artery catheter measures cardiac output and helps in assessing the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. 2. It provides information on pulmonary artery pressure which reflects the pressure in the right side of the heart and pulmonary circulation. 3. Central venous pressure is also monitored, indicating the fluid status and right heart function. Summary: A: Intracranial pressure - Incorrect. Pulmonary artery catheter does not monitor intracranial pressure. B: Spinal cord perfusion - Incorrect. Pulmonary artery catheter does not monitor spinal cord perfusion. C: Renal function - Incorrect. Pulmonary artery catheter does not monitor renal function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An adult Valium dosage for treatment of anxiety is 2-10 mg PO from two to four times daily. As written, the order would place a client at risk for an overdose. A high room temperature could increase the hyperventilating episodes by stimulating the respiratory system. Holding one's breath and breathing into a paper bag may be useful in controlling hyperventilation. Both measures increase CO2 retention. Distraction will not prevent or control hyperventilation, which is caused by anxiety or fear.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vitreous hemorrhage can result from various causes, with diabetic retinopathy being a significant contributor.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Checking responsiveness is the first step in assessing the situation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the client's respiratory status. This is the priority because the client is experiencing difficulty breathing, which could indicate a worsening of their condition. By assessing the respiratory status, the nurse can gather vital information to determine the appropriate next steps, such as adjusting the oxygen flow rate, providing respiratory treatments, or seeking further medical intervention. Increasing the oxygen flow without assessing the client's condition could potentially exacerbate the issue. Calling emergency services (choice C) may be necessary based on the assessment findings but should not be the immediate priority. Having the client cough and expectorate secretions (choice D) is important for airway clearance but is not the priority when the client is in distress.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Carbon monoxide poisoning. When the furnace is turned on for the first time, it may release carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas that can cause headaches and vertigo. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin, reducing oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to symptoms. Heat stroke (B) is caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Hypersensitivity reactions (C) involve the immune system's response to an allergen. Oxygen toxicity (D) occurs with prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring antibiotic effectiveness is crucial in managing pyelonephritis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Dehydration results from fluid loss exceeding intake, causing symptoms like dry mucous membranes, poor skin turgor, and hypotension.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Comprehensive cultural assessments include health beliefs, dietary preferences, and communication styles to tailor care appropriately.