ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Care Concepts, Connections & Skills Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
When planning care for this client, which does the nurse understand about systolic heart failure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Systolic heart failure is characterized by the inability of the heart to effectively contract and pump out an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's demands. This results in a decrease in the ejection fraction, which is the percentage of blood ejected from the ventricle with each heartbeat. The ventricle's inadequate contraction leads to diminished cardiac output, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, and decreased exercise tolerance. Therefore, understanding that systolic heart failure is primarily due to the inadequate contraction of the ventricle is crucial in planning care for clients with this condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child when the child goes into cardiac arrest. When performing compressions for CPR, what should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When performing CPR on a 6-year-old child, the nurse should place thumbs side by side and perform compressions below the nipple line. For children ages 1 to 8 years old, it is recommended to use the two-thumb encircling hands technique for chest compressions. This involves placing both thumbs on the lower half of the child's breastbone below the nipple line. This technique helps provide effective chest compressions that are appropriate for a child's size and physiology. It is important to follow these guidelines to ensure proper care and maximize the chances of a successful outcome when providing CPR to a child in cardiac arrest.
Question 3 of 5
A client scheduled for surgery is being instructed in leg exercises and the pneumatic compression device. The nurse includes these instructions to decrease which postoperative complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client is being instructed in leg exercises and the pneumatic compression device to decrease the risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) postoperatively. DVT is a serious complication that can occur due to decreased mobility, venous stasis, and hypercoagulability associated with surgery. Leg exercises help promote circulation and prevent blood stasis in the veins, while pneumatic compression devices can also assist in improving blood flow and preventing the formation of blood clots in the deep veins of the legs. By reducing the risk of DVT, the client can avoid potential complications such as pulmonary embolism, which can be life-threatening.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who was burned in a house fire. The child has burns on 30% of his body, particularly his legs. The child suddenly goes into shock and needs CPR. What is the first step the nurse should take based on pediatric advanced life support (PALS) guidelines?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric advanced life support (PALS) guidelines, the first step in CPR for a child in shock is to begin chest compressions, not ventilations. This is because the priority is to maintain blood flow to vital organs, especially in cases where the child's heart is not effectively pumping due to shock. By performing chest compressions immediately, the nurse can help circulate oxygenated blood throughout the child's body, increasing the chances of survival. Once chest compressions are initiated, ventilations can be added to support oxygenation and ventilation. Obtaining a defibrillator and establishing vascular access are important steps in advanced resuscitation but are not the initial actions in this scenario of a child in shock needing CPR.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse reviews the laboratory tests prescribed for a patient. Which test will be used to determine the patient’s thyroid function?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is the test used to determine a patient's thyroid function. TSH is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones such as T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine). Abnormal levels of TSH can indicate hypo- or hyperthyroidism, providing valuable information about the thyroid function of the patient. Therefore, when assessing thyroid function, TSH is the key laboratory test to review.