When planning a budget, the nurse manager knows that costs depend on and change in direct proportion to patient volume and activity. What type of costs are these?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Variable costs. Variable costs are costs that change in direct proportion to the level of activity or volume. In this scenario, as patient volume and activity increase or decrease, the costs will fluctuate accordingly. Indirect costs (B) are not directly tied to patient volume. Fixed costs (C) remain constant regardless of patient volume. Direct costs (D) are specific to the production of a good or service and are not necessarily impacted by patient volume.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Abdominal cramping. A sodium level of 125 mEq/L indicates hyponatremia, which can lead to abdominal cramping due to electrolyte imbalance affecting muscle function. Chvostek's sign (choice A) is associated with hypocalcemia, not hyponatremia. Bradycardia (choice B) is more commonly seen in hyperkalemia. Numbness of the extremities (choice C) is a symptom of hypocalcemia or peripheral neuropathy, not specifically related to hyponatremia. In summary, the healthcare professional should expect abdominal cramping as a result of the low sodium level in this client.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Measure. In the Six Sigma program, the Measure phase involves collecting data to understand the current process performance. Monitoring the number of times a medication is given using the 'five rights' aligns with this phase as it focuses on measuring the accuracy and effectiveness of medication administration. This data helps identify any deviations from the desired standards and provides insights for improvement. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Management - This choice does not specifically address the phase related to data collection and measurement. C: Quantitative - While data collection is quantitative in nature, this choice does not capture the specific phase of Six Sigma that focuses on measurement. D: Goal - This choice does not directly relate to the phase involving data collection and measurement; it is more focused on setting objectives and targets.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: D is the correct answer because successful managers indeed play a key role in encouraging collaboration and teamwork to achieve common goals. Managers are responsible for overseeing tasks, guiding employees, and fostering a positive work environment. By encouraging teamwork, managers can enhance productivity and efficiency within the organization. A: Leadership focuses on inspiring and guiding others towards achieving organizational goals, not just solely achieving goals themselves. B: The ability to adapt is important for effective leadership, but it is not the defining characteristic. C: Management involves influencing others, but it is not solely about attempting to influence others; it also involves planning, organizing, and controlling resources.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Patient care quality. Strategic planning in healthcare organizations primarily focuses on improving patient outcomes, safety, and overall quality of care. This ensures that the organization aligns its resources and goals towards enhancing patient well-being. Financial performance (A) is important but not the primary focus. Staff satisfaction (B) is crucial for employee engagement but not the main goal of strategic planning. Regulatory compliance (D) is essential but not the primary focus, as it is a requirement to ensure quality care rather than the main goal itself.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Two days. The Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (USPAP) requires a minimum of two days' notice for an appraisal. This time frame allows the appraiser to adequately prepare for the appraisal assignment, gather necessary information, and schedule the inspection. Choice A is incorrect as one day is not sufficient time for proper preparation. Choice B is incorrect as no notice is not in compliance with USPAP standards. Choice C is incorrect as one week exceeds the minimum requirement of two days.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is crucial in sustaining employee satisfaction as it directly impacts how content and fulfilled employees feel in their roles. When employees are satisfied with their jobs, they are more likely to be engaged, motivated, and productive. This leads to higher retention rates and overall better performance. On the other hand, organization culture (A) is important but not the sole factor in sustaining employee satisfaction. Individual performance (B) and performance evaluation (C) are more related to assessing employee output rather than directly impacting their satisfaction levels.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Directive. In managing newly trained CNAs, directive leadership is most useful as it provides clear instructions and guidance for the inexperienced staff. This helps ensure they understand expectations and tasks. Achievement-oriented leadership (A) may be overwhelming for new staff, supportive leadership (B) may not provide enough structure, and participative leadership (C) may be confusing for staff who require clear direction and guidance. Ultimately, directive leadership is the most appropriate for managing newly trained CNAs due to the need for clear instructions and structure.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because values are subjective and personal beliefs that influence one's feelings and attitudes towards situations. This aligns with the definition of values as individual's principles or standards of behavior. B is incorrect because values are not solely learned through family systems, but can also be influenced by culture, education, and personal experiences. C is incorrect because values are more about personal beliefs and principles rather than organized ways of thinking about the meaning of life. D is incorrect because values are not the sole determinants of rightness or wrongness of behavior, as ethical principles and moral standards also play a role in making such judgments.