ATI RN
Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
When performing an external genitalia examination of a woman, the nurse notices several lesions around the vulva. The lesions are pink, moist, soft, and pointed papules. The patient states that she is not aware of any problems in that area. The nurse recognizes that these lesions may be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: HPV or genital warts. The description of pink, moist, soft, and pointed papules around the vulva is characteristic of genital warts caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). HPV can present with painless, cauliflower-like growths in the genital area. The patient's lack of awareness of any problems is common as genital warts can be asymptomatic. Syphilitic chancre (A) presents as a painless ulcer, not papules. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (B) causes painful vesicles or ulcers. Pediculosis pubis (D) is characterized by itching and the presence of lice or nits in the pubic hair, not papules.
Question 2 of 5
A 38-year-old woman is undergoing a breast examination. During the examination, the nurse palpates a lump that is hard, fixed, and irregular. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform a biopsy to assess for malignancy. The characteristics of the lump (hard, fixed, irregular) raise suspicion for malignancy. A biopsy is necessary to definitively determine if the lump is cancerous. Monitoring for changes (A), scheduling an ultrasound (C), or referring for a mammogram (D) may provide additional information, but a biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing breast cancer.
Question 3 of 5
A 55-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a complaint of severe hot flashes and irregular periods. The nurse suspects perimenopause. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased estrogen levels. In perimenopause, the ovaries gradually produce less estrogen, leading to symptoms like hot flashes and irregular periods. Estrogen decline is the primary cause, as evidenced by the characteristic symptoms. Hormonal fluctuations (B) are a result of estrogen decline. Ovarian cysts (C) and increased progesterone levels (D) are less likely causes of perimenopausal symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is true of the vasculature of kidneys?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because blood vessels enter and exit the kidney at the renal hilum, which is where the renal pelvis becomes the ureter. This is important for renal blood supply and urine drainage. A: Renal arteries are posterior to the renal veins, not anterior. C: The left renal artery is shorter and lower than the right renal artery due to the position of the aorta. D: The left renal vein is longer and higher than the right renal vein, as it has a longer course to reach the inferior vena cava.
Question 5 of 5
Filtration of blood occurs in the renal corpuscles. Which of the following is not part of the renal corpuscles?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vasa Recta. The Vasa Recta is a network of blood vessels that surrounds the loop of Henle in the kidney medulla, but it is not part of the renal corpuscles. The renal corpuscles consist of the Bowman's capsule, the glomerulus, and the glomerular basement membrane. Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus, and the glomerular basement membrane lies between the Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus, allowing for filtration of blood. Therefore, the Vasa Recta is not part of the renal corpuscles.