ATI RN
FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When performing a physical examination on an infant, the nurse in charge notes abnormally low- set ears. This finding is associated with:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abnormally low-set ears are often associated with certain congenital anomalies, including congenital heart defects. When a nurse notes this finding during a physical examination of an infant, it is important to consider the possibility of congenital anomalies and further assessment for associated conditions. Low-set ears alone are not diagnostic of a specific congenital heart defect, but they can serve as a clue to support the need for further evaluation to rule out any underlying cardiac issues. Other congenital anomalies that may be associated with low-set ears include renal anomalies, which makes option D a distractor in this case.
Question 2 of 5
In diagnosing seizure disorder, which of the following is the most beneficial? A.Skull radiographs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In diagnosing seizure disorder, the most beneficial diagnostic test is an Electroencephalogram (EEG). An EEG is a non-invasive test that records electrical activity in the brain. It is crucial for detecting abnormal brain wave patterns associated with seizures. Skull radiographs, brain scans, and lumbar punctures are not typically used as primary tests for diagnosing seizure disorders. A brain scan may be helpful in identifying structural abnormalities that could be causing seizures, but an EEG is more specific for detecting abnormal electrical activity associated with seizures.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Kevin is assessing a newborn for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH); he would expect to assess which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where the hip joint does not properly form in babies and young children. To assess for DDH, healthcare professionals like Nurse Kevin utilize the Ortolani test. Ortolani's sign is a physical exam maneuver where the healthcare provider will gently manipulate the baby's hips to detect if there is a dislocated hip joint. Specifically, the Ortolani maneuver checks for the presence of a "clunk" as the femoral head relocates into the acetabulum, indicating that the hip joint is dislocated. Therefore, during the assessment of a newborn for DDH, Nurse Kevin would expect to assess for Ortolani's sign as it helps in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip.
Question 4 of 5
Mr. and Ms. Byers' child failed to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth; this may indicate which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth is a characteristic sign of Hirschsprung's disease. This condition is a congenital disorder in which there is a lack of ganglion cells in certain portions of the large intestine. As a result, the affected segment of the bowel is unable to relax and pass stool, leading to the accumulation of meconium in the intestine. This condition can present with symptoms such as abdominal distension, constipation, and failure to pass stool. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications such as bowel perforation.
Question 5 of 5
Beta-adrenergic agonists such as albuterol are given to Reggie, a child with asthma. Such drugs are administered primarily to do which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Beta-adrenergic agonists like albuterol primarily work by relaxing and dilating the bronchioles, which are the smaller airways in the lungs. This leads to quick relief of asthma symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. By opening up the airways, these medications help improve airflow and make it easier for the individual to breathe. Beta-adrenergic agonists do not directly reduce airway inflammation, but they do provide immediate relief during an asthma attack by targeting bronchoconstriction.