When pathogens enter the bloodstream and move throughout the body, a _____ has occurred.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Systemic infection. When pathogens enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body, it results in a systemic infection affecting multiple organs or systems. This type of infection can lead to severe illness and requires immediate medical attention. Choice B: Localized infection is incorrect because it refers to an infection that is confined to a specific area of the body, not spreading through the bloodstream. Choice C: Healthcare-associated infection is incorrect as it relates to infections acquired in healthcare settings, not specifically referring to the spread of pathogens through the bloodstream. Choice D: Cross-infection is incorrect because it typically refers to the transmission of infections between individuals, not the movement of pathogens through the bloodstream causing a systemic infection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory arrest. When a person's breathing stops, it is a medical emergency known as respiratory arrest. This can lead to a lack of oxygen in the body, potentially causing serious harm or death. Cardiac arrest (A) refers to the stopping of the heart, CPR (C) stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation which is a technique used to revive someone in cardiac arrest, and choking (D) is when the airway is blocked preventing breathing. Therefore, the term that specifically describes the cessation of breathing is respiratory arrest.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a nursing assistant's responsibility during an in-house transfer of a resident includes packing all of the resident's belongings to ensure that nothing is lost or left behind. This is crucial for the resident's comfort and continuity of care. Option A is incorrect because the decision to transfer a resident is typically made by the medical team or supervisory staff, not the nursing assistant. Option B is incorrect as transparency and communication are essential in healthcare settings, so keeping a transfer a secret goes against best practices. Option D is incorrect because sharing information about a resident's transfer with their roommate may not be appropriate without proper authorization and could violate the resident's privacy rights.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Supine position. In this position, the resident is lying flat on their back with head and shoulders supported by a pillow. This position helps maintain proper spinal alignment and promotes comfort. A: Lateral position is when the resident is lying on their side. B: Sims' position is a semi-prone position with the resident lying on their side with the upper knee flexed. D: Prone position is lying flat on the stomach. Choosing Supine position is essential for preventing pressure ulcers and ensuring proper breathing and circulation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lacks teeth. Edentulous means lacking teeth, so a resident who is edentulous does not have any natural teeth. This term specifically refers to the absence of teeth and not just wearing dentures (Choice C). Choices B and D are incorrect because bad breath and tartar deposits on the teeth are not necessarily related to being edentulous. The rationale is based on the definition and meaning of the term "edentulous," which directly indicates the absence of teeth.