Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D - unexplained vaginal bleeding. This is a contraindication for hormone replacement therapy as it could indicate a serious underlying condition such as endometrial cancer. Hormone replacement therapy can increase the risk of endometrial cancer, so it should not be used in the presence of unexplained vaginal bleeding. A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Family history of stroke is not a direct contraindication for hormone replacement therapy. It may influence the decision-making process, but it is not a definitive contraindication. B: Ovaries removed before age 45 may actually be an indication for hormone replacement therapy to manage symptoms of menopause. C: Frequent hot flashes and/or night sweats are common symptoms of menopause and are not contraindications for hormone replacement therapy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide hydration. During chemotherapy, hydration is crucial to prevent dehydration and maintain kidney function. Chemotherapy drugs can be nephrotoxic and cause electrolyte imbalances. Hydration supports drug clearance and prevents kidney damage. Administering oxygen (B) is not typically a priority unless the client is experiencing respiratory distress. Administering pain medications (C) may be important but is not the priority over hydration. Monitoring for signs of infection (D) is important but providing hydration to prevent dehydration and maintain kidney function takes precedence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: By threading the IV bag and tubing through the gown sleeve, the nurse ensures that the client's IV line remains intact and secure. This method minimizes the risk of dislodging the IV line or causing discomfort to the client. It also allows for a smooth removal of the gown without compromising the IV line. Summary: A: Disconnecting tubing near the client can lead to accidental disconnection of the IV line. B: Cutting the gown with scissors is unnecessary and poses a risk of damaging the IV line. D: Disconnecting the tubing at the IV container may result in spillage of IV fluids and potential contamination.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immobilize the spine. This is the most appropriate intervention for a client with a suspected spinal cord injury to prevent further damage. Immobilization helps stabilize the spine and reduce the risk of spinal cord compression or injury. Administering pain relief (B) or IV fluids (C) should only be done after proper spinal immobilization to avoid exacerbating the injury. Placing the client in a supine position (D) can be beneficial if done carefully after spine immobilization, but immobilizing the spine takes precedence to prevent any potential movement that could worsen the injury.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. When a client refuses medication, the nurse should document the refusal for legal and communication purposes. Informing the healthcare provider ensures ongoing assessment and potential alternatives. Choice A lacks communication with the healthcare team. Choice B may not address the underlying issue. Choice C assumes alternative treatment is necessary without further evaluation.