ATI RN
Introduction to Professional Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
When making an occupied bed, the nurse should not cover the mouth and nose of the patient because:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because covering the patient's mouth and nose with beddings hinders communication and can promote infection by restricting airflow. Patients need to communicate for their needs and comfort. Covering the face also prevents the nurse from easily observing the patient's facial expressions and assessing their respiratory status. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because vomiting can be managed with proper positioning, the face is not solely for drug and oxygen administration, and other methods can be used for assessing the patient's face.
Question 2 of 5
Which assessment data suggest increasing intracranial pressure in a male client several hours after a motor vehicle accident?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a decrease in blood pressure from 160/90 to 110/70 suggests increasing intracranial pressure due to the body's compensatory mechanisms to maintain cerebral perfusion. Choice B is incorrect as an increased pulse with occasional skipped beats may indicate cardiac issues, not necessarily intracranial pressure. Choice C is incorrect because being oriented when aroused from sleep is a normal response and does not specifically indicate increasing intracranial pressure. Choice D is also incorrect as refusing dinner due to anorexia is not a direct indicator of increasing intracranial pressure.
Question 3 of 5
What procedure requires logrolling a client after surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Laminectomy. After a laminectomy, the client may experience back pain and limited mobility, requiring them to be logrolled to prevent injury to the surgical site. Logrolling involves moving the client as a single unit to maintain proper alignment and minimize stress on the spine. B: Thoracotomy is incorrect because logrolling is not typically required after this procedure, which involves accessing the chest cavity. C: Hemorrhoidectomy is incorrect because logrolling is not necessary after surgery on the anal area. D: Cystectomy is incorrect because logrolling is not typically performed after this procedure, which involves removing the bladder.
Question 4 of 5
Which client entering the clinic is most likely to have tuberculosis (TB)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the 43-year-old homeless man with a history of alcoholism. This population is at higher risk for TB due to weakened immune systems from alcoholism and living conditions. Homelessness increases exposure risk. The other choices are less likely - A, a young student, is less likely due to age and environment; B, a day-care worker, is less likely as TB transmission in day-care settings is rare; D, a businessman, is less likely unless there are specific risk factors.
Question 5 of 5
What assessment finding would concern the nurse most in a client with crepitus and decreased breath sounds after a motor vehicle accident?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Trachea deviating to the right. This finding indicates a tension pneumothorax, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention. Crepitus and decreased breath sounds suggest air in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse. Tracheal deviation to the unaffected side is a critical sign of tension pneumothorax, indicating a shift of mediastinal structures. Choices A, B, and D do not address the immediate concern of tracheal deviation and the potential for a tension pneumothorax in this scenario.