When interviewing a client recently diagnosed with lung cancer and having a 60-pack-year smoking history, what is the most important action for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because maintaining a nonjudgmental attitude promotes honest communication with the client. This is crucial in building trust and rapport, allowing the client to feel comfortable sharing important information about their health and lifestyle. It lays the foundation for effective care and support. Choice A is not the most important action as quitting smoking, although important, may not be the immediate priority during the initial interview. Choice B, while valuable, is not as crucial as fostering an open and honest relationship with the client. Choice D, although important, may not be the primary focus during the initial meeting and may not promote the necessary trust between the client and nurse.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupation & hobbies. This information is crucial as certain occupations or hobbies may expose the client to respiratory hazards, influencing their respiratory status. The healthcare professional needs to assess potential respiratory risks in the client's environment. A: Average daily fluid intake is important for overall health but not directly related to respiratory status assessment. B: Neck circumference is more relevant for assessing risk of obstructive sleep apnea rather than overall respiratory status. C: Height & weight are important for assessing overall health and potential respiratory issues like obesity, but not as immediate as assessing respiratory hazards in the client's daily activities.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the client's level of consciousness. This is the priority because changes in consciousness can indicate deteriorating respiratory status or potential respiratory distress. Next steps would depend on the assessment findings. A: Encouraging fluid intake is important but not the first priority. C: Raising the head of the bed helps with breathing but doesn't address potential immediate respiratory distress. D: Providing humidified oxygen may be necessary but assessing consciousness comes first to determine the urgency of oxygen therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Wheezes indicate narrowing of the airways, typically seen in conditions like asthma. Step 2: Inhaled bronchodilators help dilate the airways, relieving wheezing and improving breathing. Step 3: Hence, administering an inhaled bronchodilator is the correct intervention for wheezes. Summary: A: Increasing oxygen flow does not directly address the issue of wheezes. B: Encouraging coughing does not address the narrowing of airways seen with wheezes. D: Deep breathing does not specifically target the narrowing of airways associated with wheezes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do you have any chronic breathing problems? This question is relevant because equal AP and lateral chest diameters can indicate a barrel chest, which is often associated with chronic breathing problems like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic breathing problems can lead to this specific chest shape due to increased lung volume. Choice A is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the physical assessment findings. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on exercise habits rather than the client's current health status. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the potential underlying health issue indicated by the chest measurements.