ATI RN
Urinary System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When GFR fall, the Na excretion will :
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased GFR reduces Na+ filtration, lowering excretion not increasing or unchanged. This links GFR to sodium handling, key for fluid balance, contrasting with compensatory misconceptions.
Question 2 of 5
Indicate the diuretic that can produce extracellular volume expansion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mannitol (osmotic diuretic) expands extracellular volume by retaining water not thiazides, acetazolamide, or triamterene (Na+ effects). This distinguishes osmotic action, key for cerebral edema, contrasting with natriuretic diuretics.
Question 3 of 5
All of the following is true about polycystic kidney disease EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Autosomal dominant (AD) PKD is common, presents 20-50, progresses to ESRF, and 50% familial not recessive (AR, childhood). This corrects genetics, key for diagnosis, contrasting with recessive misconception.
Question 4 of 5
The upper third of the posterior surface of the kidney is related to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Upper posterior kidney contacts the diaphragm not psoas, quadratus, or transversus (lower relations). This defines renal anatomy, key for surgical context, contrasting with lower muscles.
Question 5 of 5
What portion of the nephron extends into the medulla?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nephron loop (loop of Henle) extends into medulla not PCT, DCT (cortex), or papillary duct (collecting). This locates medullary segment, critical for concentration, contrasting with cortical parts.