ATI RN
Patient-Centered Care UNMC Addiction Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When forced to deal with a fire, which type of fire extinguisher would be most effective for suppressing ordinary combustible material that smells like gasoline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Type B fire extinguisher. This type of extinguisher is designed for flammable liquids like gasoline. Step 1: Identify the fire involving gasoline as a Class B fire. Step 2: Type B extinguishers contain agents like dry chemical powder or foam that are effective against flammable liquids. Step 3: ABC all-purpose extinguishers (choice A) are not specialized for Class B fires. Class C extinguishers (choice C) are for electrical fires, not flammable liquids. Type A extinguishers (choice D) are not a standard classification.
Question 2 of 5
You are called to assist a 44-year-old male who was struck in the head with a large socket wrench at work. On arrival, the patient is conscious but confused; he complains he developed a sudden-onset severe headache moments after a wrench slipped off under pressure striking him in the temporal region of the skull. Co-workers state he was unconscious with abnormal posturing for about three minutes prior to EMS arrival. He states the headache went from the worst headache of his life to a dull throbbing headache and new-onset dizziness and nausea. His pupils are unequal with the right eye sluggish to respond while his grips remain equal but weak. As you continue your evaluation, he suddenly develops projectile vomiting and loses consciousness. Which of the following injuries is most likely to cause his presentation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epidural hematoma. In this case, the patient's history of a sudden-onset severe headache after head trauma, unequal pupils, weakness, dizziness, nausea, and subsequent projectile vomiting with loss of consciousness are indicative of an epidural hematoma. Epidural hematomas typically result from arterial bleeding between the dura mater and skull, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure and neurological deterioration. The delay in symptoms and sudden deterioration are consistent with the progression of an epidural hematoma. The other choices, subdural hematoma (A), subarachnoid hematoma (C), and intracerebral hematoma (D), do not fit the clinical presentation as well and are less likely based on the symptoms described.
Question 3 of 5
The human body regulates homeostasis by communicating at the cellular level through the nervous and endocrine systems. Which of the following is responsible for serving as the command and control center for linking the systems together?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypothalamus. The hypothalamus serves as the command and control center for linking the nervous and endocrine systems together. It regulates various physiological processes by secreting hormones that control the pituitary gland, which in turn influences other endocrine glands. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by receiving signals from various parts of the body and coordinating appropriate responses. Summary: B: Adrenal gland - While the adrenal gland plays a role in producing hormones that help regulate stress response and metabolism, it is not primarily responsible for linking the nervous and endocrine systems. C: Thyroid gland - The thyroid gland primarily regulates metabolism through the production of thyroid hormones and does not serve as the command center for linking the systems together. D: Pituitary gland - Although the pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls other endocrine glands, it receives signals from the hypothalamus and is not
Question 4 of 5
Electrician electrocuted, exit wound on foot, blood in urine, initial management?: "Immediate angiography"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Aggressive fluid infusion." This is crucial to maintain adequate perfusion to the kidneys and prevent acute kidney injury due to rhabdomyolysis from electric shock. Electroshock can cause muscle breakdown leading to myoglobin release, which can damage the kidneys. Immediate angiography is not indicated as the first step in management. Intravenous pyelography and debridement of necrotic muscle are not relevant in this scenario. Admission to the ICU for observation may be considered after initial fluid resuscitation.
Question 5 of 5
Hemorrhage of 20% of the patient's blood volume is associated usually with:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tachycardia. When a patient experiences a hemorrhage of 20% of their blood volume, the body responds by increasing the heart rate to compensate for the decreased blood volume and maintain adequate circulation. This compensatory mechanism results in tachycardia. Oliguria (A) is a decrease in urine output and is not typically associated with a hemorrhage. Confusion (B) may occur if the brain is not receiving enough oxygen due to severe bleeding but is not specific to a 20% blood volume loss. Hypotension (C) is usually associated with a more significant blood loss, typically exceeding 20%.