When educating the parents of a newborn about newborn positions, patterns, and cues, what statement by the mother confirms that more teaching is needed?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the statement that indicates the need for further teaching. This is because the statement suggests that a baby will fuss, get irritable, or cry inconsolably when starting to get sleepy, which is not a typical newborn behavior. Newborns usually exhibit subtle cues such as yawning, rubbing eyes, looking away, or ignoring stimuli when they are sleepy or overstimulated. Option A correctly identifies a common newborn behavior of yawning or rubbing eyes when sleepy. Option B also accurately describes how babies may react when they are overstimulated or tired by looking away or ignoring stimuli. Option C highlights how crying or fussing can occur when caregivers miss recognizing the baby's earlier sleep cues. To improve the educational content, it is essential to emphasize the importance of understanding and responding to the subtle cues that newborns display when they are tired or overstimulated. Teaching parents to recognize these cues can help them respond promptly to their baby's needs, fostering a stronger parent-child bond and promoting better sleep patterns for the newborn. Additionally, educating parents on responsive caregiving practices can lead to a more positive and supportive environment for the newborn's development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) a digital rectal thermometer. When taking a newborn's temperature, it is essential to use a reliable and accurate method. A digital rectal thermometer is the most accurate for infants under three months old because it provides a precise reading of the core body temperature. Option A) a tympanic thermometer may not be as accurate in newborns due to their small ear canals and difficulty in obtaining a proper seal for an accurate reading. Option B) a glass rectal thermometer (mercury) is not recommended due to the risk of exposure to mercury, which is toxic. Option C) a digital axillary thermometer is less accurate in newborns compared to rectal thermometers because axillary temperatures can be influenced by external factors. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to provide evidence-based information to parents regarding newborn care, including temperature measurement. By explaining the rationale behind using a digital rectal thermometer for accurate temperature assessment in newborns, nurses empower parents to make informed decisions and ensure the well-being of their child.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In caring for an infant with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), it is crucial for nurses to recognize the characteristic symptoms to provide appropriate care. Option C, small eyes, thin upper lip, and smooth skin between the nose and upper lip, is the correct choice. This combination of features, known as the "triad of FAS," is indicative of prenatal alcohol exposure. Options A, B, and D describe features that are not typically associated with FAS. Widely spaced nipples and a webbed neck (Option A) are not specific to FAS. Option B describes features more commonly seen in Down syndrome than FAS. Option D, an acyanotic infant with a murmur, is not a typical presentation of FAS. Educationally, it is vital for nurses to be able to differentiate between the distinctive physical characteristics of various conditions, especially when caring for vulnerable populations like newborns with FAS. Understanding these key signs can lead to early identification, appropriate interventions, and improved outcomes for infants affected by prenatal alcohol exposure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In explaining surfactant therapy to parents of a premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the nurse should choose option B) Surfactant improves the ability of your infant’s lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. This answer is correct because artificial surfactant helps reduce surface tension in the lungs, preventing alveolar collapse and improving gas exchange, which is crucial for the infant's respiratory function. Option A is incorrect because surfactant therapy is not related to sedation requirements. Option C is incorrect because surfactant is not used to reduce tachycardia episodes. Option D is incorrect because surfactant is not administered to fight respiratory tract infections but rather to improve lung function in RDS. Educationally, it is important for parents to understand the rationale behind the treatment their infant is receiving. By explaining how surfactant works to improve lung function, parents can better comprehend the importance of this therapy in helping their infant breathe more effectively and potentially improve outcomes in RDS cases. This information empowers parents to be more actively involved in their infant's care and advocate for appropriate treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) obesity. Obesity is a significant risk factor for premature delivery due to various physiological and metabolic changes it causes in the body. Obesity can lead to conditions such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and other complications that increase the likelihood of preterm birth. A) Hypertension, although a risk factor for complications during pregnancy, is not directly linked to an increased risk of premature delivery in this case. C) Age alone (27 years) is not a strong indicator for premature delivery. While advanced maternal age (usually considered over 35) can be a risk factor, being 27 years old is not a significant contributor to premature birth. D) A history of premature delivery is a strong predictor of future preterm births. However, in this question, the focus is on current risk factors that increase the likelihood of delivering prematurely, making obesity the most relevant choice. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of recognizing specific risk factors for premature delivery in pregnant individuals. Understanding how various factors such as obesity can impact pregnancy outcomes is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively assess and manage high-risk pregnancies. By identifying and addressing these risk factors early, healthcare teams can work towards reducing the incidence of preterm births and improving outcomes for both the birthing parent and the newborn.