ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
When educating a patient about Regular Insulin, you should include which instruction:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When educating a patient about Regular Insulin, you should include the instruction to inject the insulin subcutaneously. Regular insulin is a short-acting insulin that should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue rather than intramuscularly or intravenously. Subcutaneous injection ensures proper absorption and effectiveness of the insulin. It is important to educate the patient on the correct injection technique and site rotation to optimize insulin absorption and minimize the risk of lipodystrophy.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following most accurately describes the antibacterial mechanism of penicillin:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Penicillin is a type of antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Peptidoglycan is a critical component of the bacterial cell wall, providing structural support and preventing the cell from bursting. Penicillin specifically targets the final step in peptidoglycan synthesis, known as cross-linking, by binding to and inhibiting the enzyme transpeptidase. Without proper cross-linking of peptidoglycan, the bacterial cell wall becomes weak and compromised, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death. This mechanism makes penicillin highly effective in combating bacterial infections.
Question 3 of 5
Recent studies into the pathogenesis of halothane-induced malignant hyperthermia indicate which of the following as the likely implicating cause?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) from halothane involves excitation-contraction coupling defects . MH, a genetic disorder, stems from ryanodine receptor (RYR1) mutations, causing uncontrolled calcium release in muscle, not drug toxicity . Sodium defects , oxygen deficits , or neural overmodulation (E) aren't implicated. This coupling defect triggers hypermetabolism, explaining MH's rapid onset with halothane exposure.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Daily weight: Monitoring daily weight is important for patients taking diuretics because changes in weight can indicate fluid retention or loss. Sudden weight gain may indicate fluid buildup, while significant weight loss may indicate excessive diuresis.
Question 5 of 5
A patient was admitted to the emergency department with a pulse oximeter reading of 85% after a successful prehospital resuscitation from cardiac arrest due to an asthma attack. What is the most important initial drug to administer as ordered?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxygen is the most important initial intervention for a patient with a low pulse oximeter reading (85%) to correct hypoxia and prevent further complications. While epinephrine (A) and albuterol (C) are used to treat asthma, oxygen is the priority to address the immediate hypoxia. Sodium bicarbonate (B) is not indicated unless there is severe metabolic acidosis.