When discussing hyperlipidemia with a group of adolescents, which high level labs should the nurse explain can prevent cardiovascular disease?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are often referred to as "good" cholesterol because they help remove other forms of cholesterol from your bloodstream, including low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) which are considered "bad" cholesterol. HDLs play a protective role in preventing cardiovascular disease as they transport cholesterol from the arteries to the liver for excretion. Therefore, having higher levels of HDL cholesterol is associated with a lower risk of heart disease, making it an important focus when discussing hyperlipidemia prevention strategies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A strawberry hemangioma, also known as an infantile hemangioma, is a bright red, rubbery nodule with a rough surface and a well-defined margin that may be present at birth or appear shortly after. This common type of benign vascular tumor occurs on the skin and typically grows rapidly during the first few months of life before eventually shrinking and disappearing by early childhood. It is composed of an overgrowth of blood vessels and is considered a benign condition that generally does not require treatment unless it interferes with vision, breathing, or other essential functions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: High leukocyte count (>50,000) at diagnosis indicates aggressive disease and poor prognosis. Other poor prognostic factors include CNS involvement and very young or old age at diagnosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Severe pain, often in the big toe, is the hallmark symptom of gout due to uric acid crystal deposition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Wide pulse pressure is a characteristic feature of PDA due to continuous blood flow between the aorta and pulmonary artery.