ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drug Interactions PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
When counseling a male patient about the possible adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs, the nurse will discuss which potential problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Impotence. Antihypertensive drugs can lead to erectile dysfunction in males due to their impact on blood flow and nerve function. This side effect can significantly impact a patient's quality of life and adherence to treatment. Incorrect choices: B: Bradycardia - Antihypertensive drugs may cause bradycardia, but it is more commonly associated with beta-blockers. C: Increased libido - Antihypertensive drugs are not known to increase libido; in fact, some may decrease libido as a side effect. D: Weight gain - While some antihypertensive drugs may cause weight gain, impotence is a more commonly known adverse effect in male patients.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has been taking isoniazid (INH) has a new prescription for pyridoxine. She is wondering why she needs this medication. The nurse explains that pyridoxine is often given concurrently with the isoniazid to prevent which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peripheral neuropathy. Isoniazid (INH) can deplete vitamin B6 levels, leading to peripheral neuropathy. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation helps prevent this side effect by replenishing the vitamin. Hair loss (A) is not a common side effect of INH. Renal failure (B) and heart failure (D) are not typically associated with INH therapy. By preventing peripheral neuropathy, pyridoxine helps maintain nerve health and function in patients taking INH.
Question 3 of 5
Metabolic transformation (phase 1) is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because metabolic transformation (phase 1) involves the conversion of substances through oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis processes, which alter the chemical structure of the compound. This phase prepares the substance for further metabolism or excretion. Acetylation and methylation (choice A) involve different enzymatic processes unrelated to phase 1 metabolism. Glucuronide formation (choice C) is part of phase 2 metabolism, not phase 1. Binding to plasma proteins (choice D) is not a metabolic transformation process but rather a mechanism of distribution in the body.
Question 4 of 5
Idiosyncratic reaction of a drug is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Idiosyncratic reaction refers to unusual, unpredictable responses to a drug. 2. Choice C correctly defines idiosyncratic reaction as inherent, abnormal, and unpredictable. 3. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not accurately describe idiosyncratic reactions. 4. Choice A refers to hypersensitivity reactions, not idiosyncratic reactions. 5. Choice B refers to drug antagonism, which is different from idiosyncratic reactions. 6. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a quantitatively exaggerated response, not an idiosyncratic reaction. Summary: Choice C is correct as it accurately defines idiosyncratic reactions. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they describe different concepts that do not align with the definition of idiosyncratic reactions.
Question 5 of 5
Muscarinic receptors are located in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Muscarinic receptors are located in autonomic effector cells. These receptors respond to acetylcholine released by parasympathetic nerves in organs like the heart, smooth muscle, and glands. They play a key role in regulating functions such as heart rate, digestion, and glandular secretions. Autonomic ganglia (A) contain nicotinic receptors, not muscarinic. Skeletal muscle neuromuscular junctions (B) have nicotinic receptors. Sensory carotid sinus baroreceptor zone (D) is not directly involved in cholinergic signaling. Hence, the correct answer is C.