ATI RN
Vital Signs Assessment Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When considering the concepts related to blood pressure, the nurse knows that the concept of mean arterial pressure (MAP) is best described by which statement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C) MAP is the pressure forcing blood into the tissues, averaged over the cardiac cycle. This statement accurately describes mean arterial pressure (MAP) as it represents the average pressure in the arteries during one cardiac cycle. MAP takes into account both systolic and diastolic pressures, providing a more accurate reflection of perfusion pressure than just systolic or diastolic measurements alone. It is a critical parameter in assessing tissue perfusion and overall cardiovascular function. Option A) is incorrect because MAP is not the pressure of the arterial pulse but a calculated value reflecting perfusion pressure. Option B) is incorrect as MAP is not directly related to the stroke volume of the heart, although changes in stroke volume can influence MAP indirectly through its impact on cardiac output. Option D) is incorrect as it oversimplifies MAP by stating it is just an average of systolic and diastolic pressures. While this is part of the calculation, MAP is more specific in representing the pressure driving blood flow into the tissues. Understanding MAP is crucial for healthcare providers as it helps in assessing and managing patients with conditions affecting blood pressure and perfusion. By grasping the concept of MAP, nurses can better evaluate a patient's cardiovascular status and make informed decisions regarding interventions to optimize tissue perfusion.
Question 2 of 5
A 40-year-old woman reports a change in mole size, accompanied by color changes, itching, burning, and bleeding over the past month. She has a dark complexion and has no family history of skin cancer, but she has had many blistering sunburns in the past. The nurse would:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ABCD danger signs of melanoma are asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, and diameter. In addition, individuals may report a change in size, the development of itching, burning, and bleeding, or a new-pigmented lesion. Any one of these signs raises the suggestion of melanoma and warrants immediate referral.
Question 3 of 5
A 70-year-old patient tells the nurse that he has noticed that he is having trouble hearing, especially in large groups. He says that he 'can't always tell where the sound is coming from' and the words often sound 'mixed up.' What might the nurse suspect as the cause for this change?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Presbycusis is a type of hearing loss that occurs in 60% of those older than 65 years of age, even in those living in a quiet environment. This sensorineural loss is gradual and caused by nerve degeneration in the inner ear. Words sound garbled, and the ability to localize sound is also impaired. This communication dysfunction is accentuated when background noise is present.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the development of the newborn infant. Regarding the sinuses, which statement is true in relation to a newborn infant?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this question, option D is correct: "Maxillary and ethmoid sinuses are the only sinuses present at birth." This is because newborn infants only have their maxillary and ethmoid sinuses developed at birth. Option A is incorrect because the sphenoid sinuses are not full size at birth; they develop later in life. Option B is incorrect because maxillary sinuses do not reach full size after puberty; they are present at birth. Option C is also incorrect as frontal sinuses are not fairly well developed at birth; they develop as the child grows older. Educationally, understanding the development of sinuses in newborns is crucial for healthcare providers, especially nurses, as it helps in assessing normal growth and identifying any abnormalities. This knowledge is essential for providing appropriate care and intervention when needed. By knowing which sinuses are present at birth, nurses can better monitor the respiratory health of newborns and detect any potential issues early on.
Question 5 of 5
During an assessment of a 26 year old at the clinic for "a spot on my lip I think is cancer," the nurse notices a group of clear vesicles with an erythematous base around them located at the lip-skin border. The patient mentions that she just returned from Hawaii. What would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cold sores are groups of clear vesicles with a surrounding erythematous base. These evolve into pustules or crusts and heal in 4 to 10 days. The most likely site is the lip-skin junction. Infection often recurs in the same site. Recurrent herpes infections may be precipitated by sunlight, fever, colds, or allergy.