When considering the administration of cardiac medication to a severely hypothermic patient in cardiac arrest, which of the following is true?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because in a severely hypothermic patient in cardiac arrest, the decreased metabolism and altered drug distribution make standard medication intervals ineffective. By spacing IV medications at longer intervals, there is a reduced risk of toxicity due to the slowed drug metabolism. Option A is incorrect because simply administering warm fluids and initiating rewarming procedures does not address the altered drug metabolism in hypothermia. Option C is incorrect because it generalizes that the patient will not respond to cardiac medication, which may not be true in all cases. Option D is incorrect because higher than normal doses of cardiac medications can increase the risk of toxicity without providing any significant benefit due to the altered drug metabolism in hypothermia.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the transferring doctor is in the best position to assess the patient's needs and resources available. This ensures appropriate care and resources are available for the patient's condition. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on staff availability rather than patient needs. Choice B is incorrect as it only addresses specific injuries, not overall care needs. Choice D is incorrect as hospital administration may not have the medical expertise to determine appropriate care for the patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Answer C being FALSE: A negative Kleihauer-Betke test does not exclude Rh-isoimmunization. The test measures the amount of fetal red blood cells in the maternal circulation, but may not always detect small amounts of fetal-maternal hemorrhage. Rh-isoimmunization can still occur even if the Kleihauer-Betke test is negative. Summary of other choices: A: True - Rh-isoimmunization can occur in both blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. B: True - Even minor degrees of fetomaternal hemorrhage can lead to Rh-isoimmunization. D: False - Rh-isoimmunization can be a problem in both Rh-positive and Rh-negative pregnant trauma patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the statement is false. Children have a smaller blood volume than adults, so the absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock in children is lower than in adults. A: Vital signs are age-related as children have different normal ranges compared to adults. B: Children actually have lesser physiologic reserves than adults. C: Tachycardia is a common response to hypovolemia, not hypervolemia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Permissive hypotension and early plasma infusion" for balanced resuscitation. Permissive hypotension helps prevent exacerbating bleeding by maintaining lower blood pressures. Early plasma infusion provides essential clotting factors for coagulopathy correction. Choice B is incorrect as equal crystalloid and colloid amounts are not recommended due to colloid-related complications. Choice C is incorrect as balanced resuscitation focuses on fluid and blood product administration, not breathing management. Choice D is incorrect as maintaining a normal acid-base balance is essential but not the sole focus of balanced resuscitation.