When conducting assessments for malnutrition, which risk factors should the nurse consider? (SATA)

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When assessing for malnutrition, nurses should consider multiple risk factors. Dental problems and depression can impact a person's ability to eat and maintain proper nutrition. The ability to read and write may not directly relate to malnutrition risk. The correct answer is 'All of the above' because dental problems and depression are indeed risk factors, along with other factors like the inability to prepare meals and the loss of a spouse.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and nutrition, it is essential to understand factors that can enhance or inhibit the absorption of certain nutrients like iron. In this question, the correct answer is A) Kiwi and B) Strawberries, which increase iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron sources. These fruits are rich in vitamin C, which is known to enhance the absorption of nonheme iron in the body. Kiwi and strawberries contain ascorbic acid, which converts nonheme iron into a more soluble form, making it easier for the body to absorb. This synergistic effect between vitamin C and nonheme iron is crucial for individuals, especially vegetarians or those at risk of iron deficiency, to maximize their iron intake from plant-based sources. On the other hand, options C) Coffee is incorrect because caffeine, found in coffee, can inhibit iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron sources. Caffeine interferes with iron absorption by forming insoluble complexes with iron in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing the amount of iron available for absorption. Educationally, understanding these interactions between nutrients and how they affect absorption in the body is vital for healthcare professionals, especially pharmacologists and dietitians, to provide accurate and evidence-based recommendations to patients. By knowing which foods enhance or inhibit nutrient absorption, healthcare providers can help individuals optimize their dietary choices to meet their nutritional needs effectively.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of toddler nutrition and safety, recommending banana slices as the food item to prevent choking is crucial. Bananas are soft, easily mashable, and less likely to cause choking compared to the other options. Toddlers have developing chewing and swallowing skills, making them more prone to choking hazards. Popcorn is a high-risk food item due to its hard texture and small, easily inhaled pieces. Hot dogs and carrot sticks also pose choking risks due to their shape and texture, which can obstruct a toddler's airway. Educationally, it is important to emphasize the significance of food texture and shape in preventing choking incidents in toddlers. Educating caregivers on appropriate food choices, such as soft fruits like bananas, can help reduce the risk of choking accidents. Understanding these principles ensures the safety and well-being of young children during meal times.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding dietary restrictions is crucial for managing conditions like kidney disease that require a low-potassium diet. In this case, the correct answer is B) A, C. Bananas and sweet potatoes are high-potassium foods to be avoided on a low-potassium diet. Bananas are a well-known high-potassium fruit, while sweet potatoes are also rich in potassium. On the other hand, frozen corn (option D) is a low-potassium food, making it suitable for a low-potassium diet. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of knowing which foods are high or low in specific nutrients when following dietary restrictions. It emphasizes the need for patients with conditions like kidney disease to be aware of their potassium intake to maintain optimal health. By understanding these dietary guidelines, healthcare professionals can better support their patients in managing their conditions through proper nutrition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: ½ cup of asparagus. Asparagus is high in folate, making it a suitable recommendation for clients with folic acid deficiency anemia. Folate is essential in the production of red blood cells, which is crucial in managing anemia. Choices A, C, and D do not contain as much folate as asparagus and are not the best options for addressing a folic acid deficiency anemia.