When communicating with a client who has a complaint, what principle is important to keep in mind?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. It is important to treat clients and families with respect, practicing open and honest communication. This fosters trust, helps address concerns, and improves client satisfaction. Choice A is incorrect as involving supervisors may not always be necessary. Choice B is incorrect as the physician may not always be the cause of the problem. Choice C is incorrect as avoiding discussion can lead to unresolved issues. In summary, choice D promotes a positive and effective client-provider relationship, while the other choices do not address the core principles of effective communication and client-centered care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: In type 2 diabetes, the body either becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough insulin. Step 2: Diet and exercise can help improve insulin sensitivity and control blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. Step 3: Medications may also be prescribed if diet and exercise alone are not effective. Step 4: Insulin therapy may be necessary in some cases but is not the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. Step 5: Complications of type 2 diabetes can be serious and include cardiovascular issues, neuropathy, and kidney disease. Step 6: Type 2 diabetes is typically diagnosed through blood tests, not by admission with a hyperglycemic coma. Summary: Choice A is incorrect because complications can be severe in type 2 diabetes. Choice B is incorrect as insulin may be used in some cases. Choice D is incorrect as type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed through blood tests. Choice C is correct as diet and exercise play a

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (10:00 AM) because aspart insulin typically peaks in around 1-3 hours after administration. Given that the patient received the insulin at 8:00 AM, the peak effect would most likely occur around 10:00 AM, making it crucial for the nurse to monitor for hypoglycemia symptoms. Choice B (12:00 PM) is not the best time as the peak effect would have already passed. Choices C (2:00 PM) and D (4:00 PM) are even further away from the expected peak time, making them less critical for monitoring hypoglycemia symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the blood glucose during the night. The Somogyi effect is rebound hyperglycemia that occurs in response to hypoglycemia during the night. By checking blood glucose levels during the night, the patient can identify if they are experiencing nighttime hypoglycemia leading to rebound hyperglycemia in the morning. This will help determine the need for adjusting insulin doses or carbohydrate intake. Why the other choices are incorrect: A: Avoid snacking at bedtime - does not address the underlying issue of nighttime hypoglycemia. B: Increase the rapid-acting insulin dose - could potentially worsen the Somogyi effect by causing further hypoglycemia. D: Administer a larger dose of long-acting insulin - also does not address the issue of nighttime hypoglycemia and may lead to further fluctuations in blood glucose levels.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the priority in treating diabetic ketoacidosis is fluid resuscitation to address dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Infusing 1 liter of normal saline per hour helps to restore intravascular volume and corrects electrolyte abnormalities. Choice B (sodium bicarbonate) is not recommended routinely in DKA treatment as it may worsen metabolic acidosis. Choice C (IV push insulin) can lead to hypoglycemia and should not be the initial intervention. Choice D (insulin infusion) is important but should be started after fluid resuscitation to avoid rapid drops in blood glucose levels.