ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When caring for a patient with autoimmune hepatitis, the nurse understands that what in this patient is different from the patient who has viral hepatitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Is treated with corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive agents. Autoimmune hepatitis is a condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the liver, leading to inflammation and liver damage. Unlike viral hepatitis where the damage is caused by a virus, autoimmune hepatitis is an autoimmune disorder. Option A) Does not manifest hepatomegaly or jaundice is incorrect because patients with autoimmune hepatitis can indeed present with these symptoms, although they may be less common compared to viral hepatitis. Option B) Experiences less liver inflammation and damage is incorrect as autoimmune hepatitis can cause significant inflammation and damage to the liver, just like in viral hepatitis. Option D) Is usually an older adult who has used a wide variety of prescription and over-the-counter drugs is incorrect because while autoimmune hepatitis can occur in older adults, it is not exclusively linked to medication use. Educationally, understanding the differences between autoimmune and viral hepatitis is crucial for nurses to provide appropriate care and interventions. Recognizing the need for immunosuppressive therapy in autoimmune hepatitis highlights the importance of proper diagnosis and treatment to manage this condition effectively and prevent further liver damage.
Question 2 of 5
The patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease should be taught:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Educational Rationale: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn, chest pain, and regurgitation. Teaching patients with GERD is crucial for managing their condition effectively. Option A is correct because caffeine can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to increased reflux symptoms. Patients should avoid coffee, tea, and other caffeine-containing beverages to reduce acid reflux. Option B is incorrect because H2 blockers like ranitidine are medications used to reduce stomach acid production, not the first line of defense in managing GERD. Lifestyle modifications and dietary changes should be prioritized over medication. Option C is also incorrect as acidic foods like citrus fruits and tomatoes can trigger or worsen GERD symptoms. Patients should steer clear of these foods to prevent acid reflux episodes. Option D, "All of the above," is the correct answer because it encompasses the comprehensive approach needed to manage GERD effectively. Patients should avoid caffeine-containing beverages, follow dietary recommendations to avoid acidic foods, and adhere to medication instructions if prescribed. Educational Context: Educating patients with GERD on lifestyle modifications is essential in improving their quality of life and reducing symptoms. By understanding the impact of dietary choices and lifestyle habits on GERD symptoms, patients can actively participate in managing their condition. Encouraging patients to make these changes empowers them to take control of their health and reduce the need for medication or medical interventions.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning care for a patient who has experienced moderate diarrhea for 3 days. Which collaborative intervention is most important to include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit the patient's diet to clear liquids. This intervention is important to prevent further irritation to the gastrointestinal tract and help rehydrate the patient. Clear liquids are easier to digest and can help reduce diarrhea. A: Placing the patient on NPO status is not necessary unless there are signs of severe dehydration or complications. C: Administering parenteral nutrition is not indicated for moderate diarrhea and is a more invasive intervention. D: Restricting the patient's diet to soft foods only may not be as effective in managing diarrhea compared to clear liquids.
Question 4 of 5
Pancreatic juice .
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because pancreatic juice buffers chyme, the acidic mixture of partially digested food from the stomach. This buffering action helps maintain the pH level for optimal enzymatic activity in the small intestine. Choice A is incorrect because pancreatic juice does not deactivate bile; bile aids in the digestion and absorption of fats. Choice C is incorrect as pancreatic islet cells secrete hormones like insulin and glucagon, not pancreatic juice. Choice B is incomplete and irrelevant, providing no information related to pancreatic juice function.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is being treated for a respiratory infection. The nurse notes that the patient's pulse is elevateWhich of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering antipyretics as prescribed. Elevated pulse can indicate fever, which may be a sign of infection. Administering antipyretics helps reduce fever, which can help lower the pulse rate. This intervention addresses the underlying cause of the elevated pulse. Increasing fluid intake (B) is important but does not directly address the elevated pulse. Encouraging rest (C) is beneficial but may not directly impact the pulse rate. Monitoring respiratory rate (D) is important but addressing the fever with antipyretics is the priority in this case.