ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
When caring for a client with Alzheimer's disease, what is the most appropriate communication technique for a nurse to use?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate communication technique for a client with Alzheimer's disease is using simple and direct statements (Choice C). This approach is effective because it helps reduce confusion and enhances understanding for individuals with cognitive impairment. Complex explanations (Choice A) may overwhelm the client. Speaking loudly (Choice B) can be perceived as aggressive or intimidating. Offering multiple choices (Choice D) may lead to decision-making difficulties. Therefore, Choice C is the best option for clear and effective communication with Alzheimer's clients.
Question 2 of 5
When caring for a client with acute renal failure, which laboratory value is most important to monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serum potassium. In acute renal failure, impaired kidney function can lead to electrolyte imbalances, especially hyperkalemia which can be life-threatening. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent cardiac complications. Serum sodium (A) may be altered, but potassium is more critical. Serum calcium (C) and chloride (D) levels are important but not as directly impacted in acute renal failure compared to potassium.
Question 3 of 5
A client is 4 hours postoperative following abdominal surgery. The client's blood pressure has dropped from 120/80 mm Hg to 90/60 mm Hg. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Check the surgical site for bleeding. This is the first action the nurse should take as a sudden drop in blood pressure postoperatively could indicate internal bleeding, a common complication after abdominal surgery. By assessing the surgical site for bleeding, the nurse can identify and address the source of the hypotension promptly. Administering IV fluids (choice A) may be necessary but should come after determining the cause. Placing the client in Trendelenburg position (choice C) is not recommended as it can worsen venous return and increase intracranial pressure. Notifying the healthcare provider (choice D) should be done after the nurse has assessed the situation and taken immediate action.
Question 4 of 5
A healthcare professional is assessing a client who has a new onset of confusion. Which laboratory value should the professional check first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood glucose level. The healthcare professional should check the blood glucose level first because hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia can cause confusion. Hypoglycemia can lead to altered mental status quickly and should be ruled out immediately. Checking the serum sodium level (B), serum calcium level (C), or blood urea nitrogen (D) can be important in further assessment, but addressing the blood glucose level is the primary concern in this scenario to rule out any immediate life-threatening conditions related to glucose imbalance.
Question 5 of 5
A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy and receiving education from a healthcare provider. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the statement indicates a need for further teaching. The client should avoid solid foods for a specific period, usually 24 hours, before a colonoscopy to ensure a clear view of the colon. This helps the healthcare provider to perform the procedure effectively and reduces the risk of complications. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because having clear liquids up to 2 hours before, taking a laxative the night before, and being sedated during the procedure are all standard preparations for a colonoscopy and do not indicate a need for further teaching.