ATI RN
Practice Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
When Bohr effect occurs due to increased CO2 tension, Oxygen affinity of Hb decreases. The reason for increased CO2 tension is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because an increase in P50 indicates a decrease in oxygen affinity of hemoglobin (Hb), as seen in the Bohr effect. When CO2 tension rises, it forms carbonic acid in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH. This decrease in pH causes a right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, resulting in lower oxygen affinity of Hb. Decreasing P50 reflects this reduced affinity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a decrease in P50, high CO2 content, and high O2 content would not lead to a decrease in oxygen affinity as observed in the Bohr effect.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a decreased level of consciousness is in a recumbent position. How should the nurse best assess the lung fields for a patient in this position?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because turning the patient to enable assessment of all the lung fields is the best approach to assess lung sounds comprehensively. By turning the patient, the nurse can listen to breath sounds on both the anterior and posterior chest walls, ensuring a thorough assessment. Option A is incorrect as it assumes the need for a chest x-ray without first performing a physical assessment. Option C is incorrect as it limits assessment to only the anterior chest wall, potentially missing abnormalities in the posterior lung fields. Option D is incorrect as obtaining a pulse oximetry reading and repositioning the patient should not replace the need for a physical assessment of lung sounds.
Question 3 of 5
The ED nurse is assessing the respiratory function of a teenage girl who presented with acute shortness of breath. Auscultation reveals continuous wheezes during inspiration and expiration. This finding is most suggestive of what?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The continuous wheezes heard on auscultation during both inspiration and expiration in a teenage girl with acute shortness of breath are highly suggestive of asthma. Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction, leading to wheezing on both inspiration and expiration. Other choices like pleurisy typically present with sharp chest pain worsened by breathing, emphysema with decreased breath sounds and barrel chest, and pneumonia with crackles and possibly fever.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following factors would decrease the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: decreased amounts of BPG. BPG binds to hemoglobin, reducing its affinity for oxygen. Without BPG, hemoglobin holds onto oxygen tightly, decreasing its release to tissues. Increased temperature (choice A) and decreased pH (choice B) actually enhance oxygen release by hemoglobin through the Bohr effect. Decreased tissue PO2 (choice C) triggers hemoglobin to release more oxygen due to the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.
Question 5 of 5
The chloride shift occurs in order to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the chloride shift occurs to transport bicarbonate ions into the blood plasma. This process helps maintain acid-base balance in the body by exchanging chloride ions for bicarbonate ions to regulate pH levels. Choice A is incorrect as the chloride shift is not related to forcing oxygen into tissues. Choice C is incorrect as the chloride shift does not produce salt for the cytosol of blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as the chloride shift does not directly produce carbonic acid but rather helps in maintaining the balance of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions.