When assisting clients in changing their behavior, what would be the most effective approach?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange approach is evidence-based and widely recognized for behavior change. Asking about behavior, advising to change, assessing readiness, assisting in making changes, and arranging follow-ups are key steps in effective behavior change interventions. Encouraging interaction with others (B) may help, but not as structured as A. Guilt-tripping (C) can lead to resistance and harm the therapeutic relationship. Subtle rewards (D) may provide short-term motivation but lack the systematic approach of A.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because environmental health issues are complex and interconnected with social, economic, and political factors. Improving environmental health often involves addressing systemic issues and implementing large-scale changes. This includes policies, regulations, and community initiatives. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because environmental health impacts both individuals and groups, requires more than just individual behavior change, and goes beyond just social neighborhoods and geography.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because people tend to respond more to immediate and acute crises rather than chronic environmental issues, which may not have immediate visible impacts. This is known as the "finite pool of worry" theory. People prioritize urgent problems over long-term issues. This is why it is difficult to get others interested in environmental health, as they may not perceive the gradual degradation of the environment as an urgent matter. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not address the fundamental psychological and behavioral aspect of human response to environmental issues.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hold a dialogue with community members about the problem and its effects. Nurses should engage in open communication with the community to raise awareness and understanding of the impact of trash in the stream. This approach promotes community involvement and empowers individuals to take responsibility for the issue. B: Advocating for stronger littering laws and harsher penalties may not address the root cause of the problem and may not engage the community effectively. C: Educating community organizations about the importance of clean water for recreational activities is important but may not directly involve the broader community in addressing the issue. D: Ensuring personal trash is disposed of properly is important on an individual level but does not address the larger community-wide problem of trash in the stream.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because actively participating in community agencies' collaborative action plan aligns directly with the public health agency's goals of improving community health. By collaborating with other agencies, the public health agency can leverage resources, share expertise, and coordinate efforts to address community health issues effectively. This approach enhances the agency's impact and promotes a comprehensive approach to public health. Choice A is incorrect because focusing on individual staff evaluations does not directly contribute to meeting the agency's public health goals. Choice C is also incorrect as meeting with nursing faculty is not directly related to community health goals. Choice D, teaching a course on healthful living, while beneficial, does not involve collaborating with other agencies to address broader community health issues.