When assessing the psychological adjustment of an 8-week gravida, which of the following would the nurse expect to see signs of?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In assessing the psychological adjustment of an 8-week gravida, the nurse would expect to see signs of ambivalence. Ambivalence refers to having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about the pregnancy, which is common in early stages as the woman adjusts to the idea of becoming a mother. This uncertainty and conflicting emotions are typical during this period. Option B, depression, is less likely at this early stage of pregnancy unless there are pre-existing mental health issues. Pregnancy-induced depression typically occurs later in pregnancy or postpartum. Option C, anxiety, is common in pregnancy but may not be the primary psychological adjustment seen at 8 weeks unless it is severe or persistent. Option D, ecstasy, is not expected as extreme happiness or euphoria is not typically associated with early pregnancy, especially when considering the physical and emotional changes the woman is experiencing. Educationally, understanding the psychological aspects of pregnancy is crucial for healthcare providers to provide holistic care. Recognizing ambivalence as a common emotion early in pregnancy allows nurses to offer support, education, and counseling to help women navigate their feelings and adjust to the changes ahead. It also emphasizes the importance of non-judgmental care and creating a supportive environment for pregnant individuals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct assessment the nurse should make is A) Dietary evaluation. Leg cramps can be caused by various factors, including electrolyte imbalances like low levels of potassium, calcium, or magnesium. By conducting a dietary evaluation, the nurse can assess the woman's intake of these essential minerals and identify any deficiencies that could be contributing to the leg cramps. Option B) Goodell’s sign and option C) Hegar’s sign are both physical assessments used in obstetrics and gynecology to evaluate cervical changes during pregnancy, which are not relevant to the woman's complaint of leg cramps. Option D) Posture evaluation is also not directly related to the issue of leg cramps upon waking. In an educational context, understanding the importance of conducting a thorough assessment is crucial for nurses to provide holistic care to their patients. By choosing the correct assessment, the nurse can address the root cause of the woman's leg cramps and provide appropriate interventions to alleviate her symptoms and improve her quality of life.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) During the third trimester I may experience frequent urination. This is because, as the pregnancy progresses, the growing uterus puts pressure on the bladder, leading to increased frequency of urination. This is a common and normal symptom in the later stages of pregnancy. Option B) During the third trimester I may experience heartburn is incorrect because heartburn is more commonly experienced in the second trimester due to hormonal changes and pressure from the growing uterus on the stomach. Option C) During the third trimester I may experience nagging backaches is incorrect as backaches are common throughout pregnancy due to the shifting center of gravity and increased strain on the back, not just limited to the third trimester. Option D) During the third trimester I may experience persistent headache is incorrect because persistent headaches are not typically considered a normal symptom of pregnancy and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider for underlying causes. Educationally, understanding the normal physiological changes and common discomforts during pregnancy is crucial for providing anticipatory guidance and reassurance to pregnant women. It helps nurses and healthcare providers support expectant mothers in managing their symptoms and differentiating between normal experiences and potentially concerning issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Vaginal and rectal cultures. During prenatal visits at 36 weeks’ gestation, it is important to perform vaginal and rectal cultures to screen for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization. GBS colonization in pregnant women can pose a risk of transmitting the bacteria to the newborn during delivery, which can lead to serious infections in the baby. By identifying GBS colonization during prenatal care, appropriate measures can be taken during labor to reduce the risk of transmission to the newborn, such as administering antibiotics. Option A) Glucose challenge test is typically done earlier in pregnancy to screen for gestational diabetes and is not specifically indicated at 36 weeks' gestation. Option B) Amniotic fluid volume assessment is usually performed in the third trimester to monitor amniotic fluid levels, but it is not a routine test at 36 weeks unless there are specific concerns such as decreased fetal movements. Option D) Karyotype analysis is a genetic test that is not routinely done during prenatal visits unless there are specific indications or risk factors identified through other testing or screening. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind each prenatal test is crucial for healthcare professionals involved in maternal-fetal monitoring. It ensures that appropriate screenings are conducted at the right times to optimize maternal and fetal health outcomes. Regular prenatal visits and appropriate testing are essential components of prenatal care to monitor and address any potential risks during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Whether or not the father will be present during labor should be considered nonnegotiable by the parents. This decision is crucial for the emotional support of the mother and the bonding experience for the family. Research consistently shows that the presence of a supportive partner during labor can positively impact the mother's emotional well-being, reduce stress, and improve birth outcomes. Option B) Whether or not the woman will have an episiotomy is a medical decision that should be made based on the healthcare provider's assessment of the situation during labor. It is not typically a decision for the parents to make in their birth plan. Option C) Whether or not the woman will be able to have an epidural is a personal choice that should be discussed with the healthcare provider based on the woman's preferences and medical indications. It is not necessarily a nonnegotiable decision for the parents to make. Option D) Whether or not the father will be able to take pictures of the delivery is a personal preference and does not typically fall under nonnegotiable decisions for the parents. While capturing the moment through photos can be important for some families, it is not a critical aspect of the birth plan that cannot be negotiated. In an educational context, it is important for nurses to guide parents in making informed decisions for their birth plan by providing evidence-based information and supporting their choices while also emphasizing the importance of certain key factors, like the presence of a supportive partner during labor, which can significantly impact the birth experience.