When assessing the psychological adjustment of an 8-week gravida, which of the following would the nurse expect to see signs of?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of assessing the psychological adjustment of an 8-week gravida, the nurse would expect to see signs of ambivalence. Ambivalence refers to the conflicting feelings a woman may experience during pregnancy, such as mixed emotions about the pregnancy, concerns about the future, and uncertainties about motherhood. This is a common experience during the early stages of pregnancy as the woman adjusts to the changes happening in her life. Regarding the other options: - Depression (option B) may occur during pregnancy but is not typically a primary sign at 8 weeks unless there are pre-existing mental health issues. - Anxiety (option C) is common in pregnancy but may not be the primary expected sign at 8 weeks for all women. - Ecstasy (option D) is not a typical response to early pregnancy as it suggests extreme happiness which may not capture the range of emotions a woman may feel. Educationally, understanding the psychological aspects of pregnancy is crucial for nurses caring for pregnant women. By recognizing signs of ambivalence, nurses can provide appropriate support, education, and counseling to help women navigate their emotions and ensure a positive pregnancy experience. This knowledge enhances the nurse's ability to provide holistic care to pregnant women and promotes their overall well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct assessment the nurse should make is option A) Dietary evaluation. Leg cramps can be caused by various factors, including nutritional deficiencies such as low levels of potassium, calcium, or magnesium. By conducting a dietary evaluation, the nurse can assess the woman's intake of these essential nutrients and identify any deficiencies that may be contributing to the leg cramps. Option B) Goodell’s sign and option C) Hegar’s sign are not relevant in this context as they are specific to obstetric and gynecological assessments related to pregnancy. Goodell’s sign refers to the softening of the cervix, while Hegar’s sign is the softening of the lower segment of the uterus. These signs are not indicative of leg cramps. Option D) Posture evaluation is also not directly related to the woman's complaint of painful leg cramps. While posture can play a role in musculoskeletal issues, it is not the primary assessment needed in this situation. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of considering a holistic approach to assessment in nursing practice. It emphasizes the need to explore potential causes of symptoms beyond the obvious and to consider how factors such as nutrition can impact a patient's health. This type of critical thinking and assessment skills are essential for nurses to provide comprehensive care to their patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A: "During the third trimester I may experience frequent urination." This is an accurate anticipatory guidance because during the latter half of pregnancy, the growing uterus puts pressure on the bladder, leading to increased urinary frequency. This is a common and normal symptom in the third trimester due to the physical changes in the body. Option B, heartburn, is a common discomfort during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester, but it is more related to the relaxation of the muscle that separates the esophagus from the stomach, allowing stomach acid to leak into the esophagus. While common, it is not specifically associated with the latter half of pregnancy as much as frequent urination. Option C, nagging backaches, are also common during pregnancy due to the increased strain on the back and pelvic area as the baby grows. However, this symptom can occur throughout pregnancy and is not necessarily more prevalent in the third trimester. Option D, persistent headache, while headaches can occur during pregnancy, persistent headaches may indicate a more serious issue like preeclampsia, which is not a normal symptom and requires immediate medical attention. In an educational context, providing anticipatory guidance to pregnant women is crucial for their understanding of the changes their bodies will go through and to help them differentiate between normal discomforts and potential warning signs that require medical attention. Understanding these normal physiological changes can help alleviate anxiety and promote better self-care during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In prenatal care, conducting vaginal and rectal cultures (Option C) is crucial during a woman's prenatal visit at 36 weeks' gestation. These cultures help assess for any potential infections that could be passed to the baby during labor and delivery, allowing for timely treatment and prevention of complications. The other options are not typically done at 36 weeks' gestation: A) Glucose challenge test is usually performed around 24-28 weeks to screen for gestational diabetes. B) Amniotic fluid volume assessment is typically done in the third trimester if there are concerns about fetal well-being. D) Karyotype analysis is not a routine test during prenatal visits but may be done in cases where there are specific indications for genetic testing. Educationally, understanding the timing and rationale behind each prenatal test is essential for healthcare providers to provide optimal care for pregnant women and their babies. It ensures appropriate monitoring, timely interventions, and overall positive outcomes for both mother and child.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of developing a birth plan, the decision about whether or not the father will be present during labor (Option A) should be considered nonnegotiable by the parents. This decision is crucial as the presence of a supportive partner can significantly impact the mother's emotional well-being and the overall birth experience. Research shows that having a partner present during labor can reduce stress, increase feelings of support, and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Regarding the other options: - Option B (Episiotomy): This decision should be negotiable as episiotomies are not routinely performed anymore and the need for one should be discussed between the healthcare provider and the mother based on individual circumstances during labor. - Option C (Epidural): Whether or not the woman will be able to have an epidural is a personal choice and should be based on the mother's preferences, pain tolerance, and medical advice. It is not a decision that should be considered nonnegotiable. - Option D (Taking pictures): This decision is also negotiable and should be based on the comfort level of both parents. Some parents may want to capture the moment, while others may prefer not to have pictures taken during delivery. Educationally, it is important for healthcare providers to guide expectant parents in understanding the significance of certain decisions in a birth plan while also respecting their autonomy and preferences. This rationale emphasizes the importance of informed decision-making in creating a positive birth experience for both the mother and her partner.