When assessing a person’s nutritional-metabolic pattern, which objective finding would have implications for nursing intervention?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In assessing a person's nutritional-metabolic pattern, dentition (Option B) is the objective finding that would have implications for nursing intervention. Dentition refers to the condition of a person's teeth and oral health, which directly impacts their ability to chew, digest food properly, and overall nutritional intake. Poor dentition can lead to difficulty eating, malnutrition, and other health issues. Nursing interventions may include collaborating with a dentist for oral health evaluation and treatment, providing soft or modified diets, and offering oral hygiene education. Option A, the person's 24-hour diet diary, is important for assessing dietary intake but does not provide immediate implications for nursing intervention like poor dentition does. Option C, the person's food preferences, while relevant for individualizing dietary recommendations, does not directly impact the assessment of nutritional-metabolic patterns. Option D, the person's financial status, although important for understanding access to food, does not directly relate to the assessment of nutritional-metabolic patterns or immediate nursing interventions in this context. Educationally, understanding the significance of dentition in assessing nutritional-metabolic patterns highlights the holistic approach nurses take in evaluating and addressing various factors that influence a person's nutritional status and overall health. It emphasizes the importance of thorough assessment and individualized interventions to promote optimal health outcomes in patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Health-perception–health-management. When a client fails to take insulin regularly, it indicates a conflict in their health-perception–health-management pattern. This pattern involves how individuals perceive their health and how they manage it, including adherence to prescribed treatment regimens like taking insulin. Option B) Cognitive-perceptual is incorrect because this pattern relates to the client's sensory, perceptual, and cognitive processes, which are not directly linked to insulin non-compliance. Option C) Elimination is not the correct answer as it pertains to bowel and bladder function, not medication adherence. Option D) Values-beliefs is also incorrect as it focuses on the client's values, beliefs, and spiritual practices, which may influence health behaviors but is not directly related to insulin non-adherence. Educationally, understanding the functional health patterns in the context of pharmacology is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to assess and intervene effectively in patient care. Recognizing how deviations in these patterns can impact medication compliance helps in providing holistic care and promoting positive health outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is B) Only sees a physician if not feeling well. This behavior aligns with an alteration in the health-perception–health-management pattern and values-beliefs pattern. The individual acknowledges the need for medical intervention only when experiencing symptoms, indicating a lack of proactive health management and possibly a belief that seeking medical help is only necessary when feeling unwell. Option A) Never sees a physician is incorrect because it implies a complete avoidance of seeking medical care, which may not necessarily be the case for the described behavior in the question. Option C) Sees a physician for screenings only is incorrect as it suggests a more proactive approach to health management than what is described in the question. Seeking screenings indicates some level of health awareness and preventive care, which does not align with the behavior described. Option D) Sees a physician for follow-up care of a chronic disease is incorrect because it implies a more established relationship with healthcare providers and a specific health condition, which is not indicated in the scenario. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding how an individual's health perception, management patterns, and values can influence their healthcare-seeking behaviors. It emphasizes the need for nurses to assess these patterns to provide individualized care and support health promotion efforts effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Gordon. Gordon's functional health patterns serve as a comprehensive framework for nurses to conduct holistic assessments and make accurate nursing diagnoses. These patterns include health perception and health management, nutritional-metabolic, elimination, activity-exercise, sleep-rest, cognitive-perceptual, self-perception and self-concept, role-relationship, sexuality-reproductive, coping-stress tolerance, and value-belief patterns. This framework helps nurses gather relevant data systematically to understand the patient's health status comprehensively. Option A) Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, which focuses on stages of development throughout the lifespan, not on nursing assessment frameworks. Option C) Newman is associated with the theory of health as expanding consciousness, which emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship and evolving consciousness, not on functional health patterns for assessment. Option D) Nightingale is known for her environmental theory of nursing, emphasizing clean and supportive environments for healing, rather than a framework for nursing assessment and diagnosis. Understanding Gordon's functional health patterns is crucial for nursing practice as it guides nurses in conducting thorough assessments, identifying health deviations, and planning individualized care to promote optimal health and well-being for patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) Decreased visual acuity. This finding has significant implications for the nursing plan of care for a Type 1 diabetic client because diabetes can lead to various eye complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and cataracts, which can cause decreased visual acuity. Regular eye examinations and monitoring are crucial for diabetic individuals to prevent or manage these complications. Regarding the incorrect options: A) Decreased sense of hearing: While sensory impairments can impact a client's overall well-being, they are not directly related to the cognitive-perceptual pattern of a Type 1 diabetic client. Hearing impairment does not have the same direct link to diabetes as visual acuity issues. B) Decreased sense of smell: Similarly, a decreased sense of smell is not directly related to the cognitive-perceptual pattern affected by diabetes. While it can affect a person's quality of life and safety, it is not a common manifestation of diabetes. C) Decreased sense of taste: Changes in taste perception may occur in individuals with diabetes due to various factors, such as medication side effects or systemic complications. However, it is not as closely linked to the cognitive-perceptual pattern assessment as visual acuity, which directly impacts a diabetic client's ability to perceive and interpret their environment. Educationally, understanding the specific sensory manifestations and complications of diabetes is vital for nurses caring for diabetic clients. Recognizing the implications of these sensory changes can help nurses tailor their assessments, interventions, and education to meet the unique needs of diabetic individuals, promoting optimal health outcomes and quality of life.