ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Chapter 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic, the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency, which would include what symptoms? (Select the one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyspnea. Loop diuretics can lead to potassium deficiency, which can manifest as symptoms such as muscle weakness, constipation, and tinnitus. Dyspnea is not typically associated with potassium deficiency. Potassium plays a crucial role in muscle and nerve function, so muscle weakness is a common symptom. Constipation can occur due to altered smooth muscle function with low potassium levels. Tinnitus can be a result of inner ear disturbances related to potassium imbalances. However, dyspnea is more commonly associated with respiratory or cardiovascular issues rather than potassium deficiency.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who was involved in a motor vehicle crash has had a tracheostomy placed to allow for continued mechanical ventilation. How should the nurse interpret the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.48, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 32 mm Hg, and HCO3 25 mEq/L?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct interpretation of the arterial blood gas results provided is respiratory alkalosis (Choice D). 1. pH is high (alkalosis) at 7.48, indicating respiratory alkalosis. 2. PaO2 is within normal range, ruling out any significant oxygenation issues. 3. PaCO2 is low at 32 mm Hg, indicating respiratory alkalosis. 4. HCO3 is within normal range at 25 mEq/L, not indicative of metabolic acid-base imbalance. Summary: - Choice A (Metabolic acidosis) is incorrect as HCO3 is within normal range. - Choice B (Metabolic alkalosis) is incorrect as HCO3 is within normal range. - Choice C (Respiratory acidosis) is incorrect as PaCO2 is low, indicating alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
A home health nurse is visiting a new client who uses oxygen in the home. For which factors does the nurse assess when determining if the client is using the oxygen safely? (Select all that do not apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because household light bulbs being fluorescent type is not directly related to safety when using oxygen at home. Oxygen supports combustion and can increase fire risk. A, B, and C are important safety factors as smoking can ignite oxygen, damaged electrical cords can cause sparks, and flammable liquids can also lead to fires.
Question 4 of 5
Which action should the nurse take first when a patient develops epistaxis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct action for a patient with epistaxis is to apply squeezing pressure to the nostrils for 10 minutes. This helps to control the bleeding by applying direct pressure to the affected blood vessels. It is the initial and most immediate intervention to stop the bleeding. Packing the nare with an epistaxis balloon (choice A) or obtaining silver nitrate for cauterization (choice C) are more invasive measures that should be considered if bleeding persists after applying pressure. Instilling a vasoconstrictor medication (choice D) may help in some cases but is not the first-line intervention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse reviews the medication administration record (MAR) for a patient having an acute asthma attack. Which medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Albuterol (Ventolin HFA) 2.5 mg per nebulizer. During an acute asthma attack, the priority is to quickly open up the airways to improve breathing. Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator that works rapidly to relieve bronchospasm and improve airflow. Administering Albuterol via nebulizer allows for efficient delivery of the medication directly to the lungs. Methylprednisolone (A) is a corticosteroid that helps reduce airway inflammation but takes longer to have an effect. Salmeterol (C) is a long-acting bronchodilator used for maintenance therapy, not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Ipratropium (D) is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that can be used in combination with Albuterol, but Albuterol alone is the initial priority for acute symptom