When assessing a client with autoimmune disorder,what signs should the nurse look for in the client?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In assessing a client with an autoimmune disorder, the nurse should look for localized inflammation (Option B) as a key sign. Autoimmune disorders are characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues, leading to inflammation in specific areas. Localized inflammation can manifest as joint pain, skin redness, or swelling in affected regions. Option A, hypotension, is less likely to be directly associated with autoimmune disorders. Hypotension is more commonly linked to conditions like dehydration, shock, or heart problems. Option C, hives or rashes, while they can be present in some autoimmune conditions like lupus, are not as specific to all autoimmune disorders. Option D, cramping and vomiting, are more indicative of gastrointestinal issues or food poisoning rather than autoimmune disorders. Educationally, understanding the specific signs and symptoms of autoimmune disorders is crucial for nurses to provide effective care. Recognizing the unique clinical manifestations of autoimmune diseases helps in early detection, management, and ensuring appropriate interventions are implemented promptly to improve patient outcomes. Regular education and training on autoimmune disorders and their varied presentations are essential for healthcare professionals to deliver quality care to individuals with these conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The occupational health nurse is trained to handle situations involving potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens. They can appropriately discuss the need for HIV testing with the patient and ensure that the process is handled confidentially and professionally. The nurse manager and the injured nurse should not directly approach the patient about this sensitive issue.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Methotrexate is teratogenic and should not be used during pregnancy. If the patient is trying to get pregnant this is a critical consideration that must be discussed with the physician before starting the medication. The other information while important does not have the same immediate implications for treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, pain upon awakening is a common symptom due to the characteristic morning stiffness associated with this condition. This stiffness is caused by the inflammatory process that occurs during the night when the body is at rest. As the patient starts moving after waking up, the joints gradually loosen, leading to pain and stiffness relief as the day progresses. This pattern of pain is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis. Option A, pain with activity, is a feature more commonly seen in osteoarthritis where pain worsens with joint use and improves with rest. Option C, pain late in the evening, is not a typical presentation of rheumatoid arthritis and does not align with the characteristic morning stiffness seen in this condition. Option D, pain all day without remission, is not specific to rheumatoid arthritis and does not reflect the typical pattern of pain experienced by individuals with this condition. Educationally, understanding the timing and pattern of pain in rheumatoid arthritis is crucial for healthcare providers to accurately assess and manage patients with this condition. Recognizing the unique features of rheumatoid arthritis pain can aid in early diagnosis, appropriate treatment interventions, and improved quality of life for patients.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and understanding the basic immune system response, the correct answer to the question regarding which cells are most likely to regenerate during the healing phase of inflammation is A) Skin. The skin is an organ that has a high capacity for regeneration due to the presence of stem cells in the basal layer of the epidermis. During inflammation and subsequent healing, the skin can regenerate through the process of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, allowing for the restoration of its barrier function. Neurons (option B) have a limited capacity for regeneration in the central nervous system due to factors such as inhibitory molecules and the formation of glial scars. Cardiac muscle (option C) has very limited regenerative abilities, as mature cardiomyocytes have a low rate of proliferation. Skeletal muscle (option D) has some regenerative capacity through satellite cells but not as robust as the skin. Understanding the regenerative capacities of different tissues is crucial in the field of pharmacology, especially when considering treatments for injuries or diseases that impact these tissues. Knowing which tissues can regenerate more effectively can guide treatment strategies and expectations for recovery.