When assessing a client with a disorder of the hematopoietic or the lymphatic system, why is it important for the nurse to obtain a dietary history?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In hematology oncology, obtaining a dietary history when assessing a client with a disorder of the hematopoietic or lymphatic system is crucial for several reasons. Option A, "Compromised nutrition interferes with the production of blood cells and hemoglobin," is the correct answer because adequate nutrition is essential for the body's ability to produce blood cells and hemoglobin. Option B, "Diet consisting of excessive fat interferes with the production of blood cells and hemoglobin," is incorrect because while excessive fat intake can impact overall health, it is not specifically linked to interfering with blood cell and hemoglobin production. Option C, "Inconsistent dieting interferes with the production of blood cells and hemoglobin," is incorrect as well because while inconsistent dieting can lead to nutritional deficiencies, it does not directly interfere with blood cell and hemoglobin production. Option D, "Diet consisting of excessive iron and protein elements interferes with the production of blood cells and hemoglobin," is also incorrect. While iron and protein are essential for blood cell production, excessive intake of these elements is not typically associated with interference in blood cell and hemoglobin production. Educationally, understanding the relationship between nutrition and hematopoiesis is vital for nurses caring for clients with hematologic disorders. Proper nutrition can help support the body's ability to produce healthy blood cells and hemoglobin, which is essential for managing these conditions effectively. Therefore, nurses need to assess and address any nutritional deficiencies or issues that may impact the client's hematopoietic system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the assessment of a client with sickle cell anemia for jaundice, it is crucial for the nurse to inspect the skin and sclera for signs of yellowish discoloration, which are indicative of elevated bilirubin levels. This is because in sickle cell anemia, the breakdown of red blood cells is increased, leading to an excess of bilirubin that manifests as jaundice. By examining the skin and sclera, the nurse can detect this important clinical sign. Option A, which suggests assessing mental status, verbal ability, and motor strength, is incorrect as these assessments are not directly related to identifying jaundice in a client with sickle cell anemia. Option B, focusing on observing joints for signs of swelling, is also incorrect as jaundice is primarily a manifestation of liver dysfunction rather than joint involvement in sickle cell anemia. Option D, collecting a urine specimen, is not directly related to assessing jaundice in this context. In an educational context, understanding the specific signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia, including jaundice, is vital for nurses caring for these clients. Proper assessment techniques can lead to early identification of complications and prompt intervention, ultimately improving patient outcomes. This question highlights the importance of thorough assessment skills and knowledge of disease-specific manifestations in hematology oncology nursing practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Maintain the client on bed rest and protect him or her from infections. Rationale: Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder characterized by the body's inability to produce enough hemoglobin, leading to anemia. Nursing interventions for a client with thalassemia aim to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Bed rest is essential to reduce oxygen demand on the body and prevent fatigue, which is crucial for individuals with anemia. Additionally, protecting the client from infections is important because they are more susceptible due to their compromised immune system. Option B) Ambulate the client frequently is incorrect as excessive physical activity can worsen anemia by increasing oxygen demand on the body, leading to fatigue and other complications. Option C) Advising drinking 3 quarts (L) of fluid per day is not specifically indicated for thalassemia. While adequate hydration is important for overall health, excessive fluid intake can strain the heart in individuals with certain types of thalassemia. Option D) Instructing the client to elevate the lower extremities as much as possible is not a standard nursing intervention for thalassemia. Elevating the lower extremities may be beneficial for conditions like edema but is not a primary intervention for managing thalassemia. Educational Context: Nurses caring for clients with thalassemia must understand the importance of implementing appropriate interventions to prevent complications and promote optimal health outcomes. Educating patients about the disease process, symptom management, and lifestyle modifications is crucial in providing holistic care to individuals with thalassemia. By adhering to evidence-based nursing interventions, nurses can effectively support clients in managing their condition and improving their quality of life.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Coffee. Coffee contains compounds like tannins and polyphenols that can inhibit the absorption of iron from the intestines. These compounds form complexes with iron, making it harder for the body to absorb this essential mineral. This interference can be detrimental for individuals who are already struggling with iron deficiency anemia and are taking iron supplements to boost their iron levels. Option B) Butter, C) Flour, and D) Bread do not have the same inhibitory effect on iron absorption as coffee. Butter is a source of fat and does not interfere with iron absorption. Flour and bread are sources of carbohydrates and do not contain compounds that hinder iron uptake. In fact, some bread and flour products are fortified with iron to help combat iron deficiency anemia. In an educational context, understanding factors that influence iron absorption is crucial for healthcare professionals working with patients who have iron deficiency anemia or are at risk of developing it. By knowing which substances can hinder iron absorption, healthcare providers can educate their patients on dietary modifications to maximize the effectiveness of iron supplementation and improve treatment outcomes. This knowledge also underscores the importance of comprehensive nutritional counseling for individuals with specific health conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In sickle cell crisis for clients with sickle cell anemia, the major symptom is pain, making option D the correct answer. This pain is due to the obstruction of small blood vessels by sickled red blood cells, leading to tissue ischemia. It is typically severe and can occur in various parts of the body, such as the chest, abdomen, bones, and joints. Option A, fever, is not typically a major symptom of sickle cell crisis. While infections can trigger a crisis, fever alone is not the defining symptom. Option B, lethargy, may be present due to the body's response to the crisis, but it is not the primary symptom. Option C, atelectasis (lung collapse), is a potential complication of sickle cell crisis but is not the major presenting symptom. In an educational context, understanding the hallmark symptom of sickle cell crisis is crucial for healthcare professionals caring for patients with sickle cell anemia. Recognizing and effectively managing the severe pain associated with a crisis is essential in providing timely and appropriate care to these patients. Educating healthcare providers about the key symptoms of sickle cell crisis can help improve patient outcomes and quality of care.