When assessing a client’s activity-exercise pattern, which subjective finding has implications for nursing practice?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In assessing a client’s activity-exercise pattern, the subjective finding of a person’s amount of leisure time has significant implications for nursing practice. Leisure time reflects the individual's opportunity for physical activity, relaxation, and overall well-being. Nurses can use this information to identify potential barriers to engaging in regular exercise and promote health promotion strategies tailored to the client’s lifestyle. Option A, a person’s decreased muscle tone, while important, is a more objective finding that may require further assessment to determine its impact on the client's activity level. Option C, a person’s decreased range of motion, is also crucial but focuses more on physical limitations rather than the availability of time for exercise. Option D, a person’s use of a cane, is relevant for mobility assessment but does not directly address the client's activity-exercise pattern. Educationally, understanding the importance of assessing leisure time in relation to activity levels enhances a nurse’s ability to develop individualized care plans that promote physical activity and overall health. By prioritizing leisure time assessment, nurses can empower clients to make positive lifestyle changes that support their well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option A, the 46-year-old mother of two, who is at risk for a dysfunction in elimination pattern. This is due to her life stage and the physiological changes that occur with age and childbirth. Women who have gone through multiple pregnancies may experience weakened pelvic floor muscles, which can lead to issues such as urinary incontinence or difficulty with bowel movements. Option B, the 32-year-old African American man, is less likely to be at risk for elimination pattern dysfunction compared to the mother of two. Age and gender play a role in determining the risk factors for elimination issues. Option C, the 72-year-old white woman, is also at risk for elimination pattern dysfunction due to the effects of aging on bladder control and muscle tone. Option D, the 15-year-old girl, is less likely to experience elimination pattern dysfunction compared to the older individuals listed. Youth typically have stronger muscle tone and fewer age-related changes that would predispose them to elimination issues. Educationally, understanding the risk factors for dysfunction in elimination patterns is crucial for healthcare providers to provide appropriate care and interventions to individuals across the lifespan. Recognizing how factors such as age, gender, and life experiences can impact elimination patterns helps in promoting strategies for maintaining optimal elimination health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) The son has a stressful relationship with the church. The ecomap, a visual representation of a client's family and social connections, shows slashed lines which typically indicate a strained or stressful relationship. This suggests that the son's connection to the family church is not positive. Option A) The son is deceased is incorrect because the ecomap does not provide any evidence of the son's death. Option B) The son is actively involved with the family church is incorrect as slashed lines do not indicate active involvement but rather a strained relationship. Option D) The son has no relationship with the church is also incorrect as the presence of a connection, albeit a stressed one, is indicated by the slashed lines. From an educational perspective, understanding how to interpret visual tools like ecomaps is crucial for nurses in assessing family dynamics and relationships. This question highlights the importance of paying attention to subtle visual cues and using critical thinking skills to draw accurate conclusions about a client's situation based on the information provided in the ecomap.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, the most appropriate nursing intervention to decrease susceptibility among a family is option B) Education about hand hygiene. Proper hand hygiene is a fundamental aspect of preventing the spread of infections, which is crucial for maintaining health and reducing susceptibility to illnesses, especially in a home care setting where family members may be in close contact. Option A) Education about building on current strengths of the family is a valuable intervention for overall family well-being but may not directly address decreasing susceptibility to illnesses through a specific action like hand hygiene. Option C) Education about health care resources in the community is important for empowering families to access appropriate care but may not directly impact susceptibility as much as teaching practical preventive measures like hand hygiene. Option D) Education about child safety seats is essential for injury prevention but does not directly address susceptibility to illnesses, making it less relevant in this context. By focusing on hand hygiene education, the nurse can empower the family with practical skills to reduce the risk of infections, demonstrating the direct impact of pharmacology on health promotion in everyday life. This intervention aligns with evidence-based practices and fosters a preventive approach to health, making it the most appropriate choice in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, partnering with school-based clinics and local pediatric dentists to provide children with access to preventive dental care exemplifies an interdependent function (Option C). This is because an interdependent function involves collaboration and mutual reliance among different healthcare providers to deliver comprehensive care that addresses various aspects of a patient's health. In this scenario, the school-based clinics, pediatric dentists, and potentially pharmacists work together to promote oral health in children, recognizing that dental health is interconnected with overall well-being. Option A, codependent function, implies a relationship where individuals are overly reliant on each other to function, which does not align with the collaborative nature of the described healthcare partnership. Option B, independent function, suggests working in isolation, which is not the case here as multiple healthcare providers are coming together. Option D, dependent function, indicates a hierarchical relationship where one entity relies heavily on another, which again does not capture the collaborative nature of the interdependent function demonstrated in the scenario. Understanding the importance of interprofessional collaboration in health promotion is crucial for pharmacology students and healthcare professionals. By working together across disciplines, professionals can provide more holistic and effective care, addressing the various needs of patients comprehensively. This question highlights the significance of teamwork and coordination in promoting health and preventing disease, underscoring the value of interdependent functions in healthcare delivery.