ATI RN
Respiratory System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When asked by a tubercular patient how long he will have to take his TB medications, the nurse's best response would be:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Tuberculosis requires a prolonged treatment duration to ensure complete eradication of the bacterial infection. Typically, TB medications need to be taken for at least 6 to 9 months to prevent relapse or drug resistance. In some cases, especially if drug-resistant strains are involved, treatment can last up to 2 years. Choice A is incorrect because 2 weeks is not a sufficient duration for TB treatment. Choice C is incorrect because TB medications are not usually taken throughout the entire lifespan, but for a specific treatment period. Choice D is incorrect as it does not provide a specific and accurate answer to the patient's query regarding the duration of the treatment.
Question 2 of 5
The enzyme responsible for converting free carbon dioxide in the blood into forms in which it can be transported in the blood is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate ions and protons, enabling efficient transport of CO2 in the blood. Carboxypeptidase (B) is involved in protein digestion, not CO2 transport. Carbonase (C) is not a recognized enzyme. Decarboxylase (D) catalyzes the removal of carboxyl groups from molecules, not the conversion of CO2 in the blood. Therefore, only carbonic anhydrase is the correct enzyme for this specific function.
Question 3 of 5
As blood enters the systemic capillaries
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Oxygen diffuses from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration. 2. Blood entering systemic capillaries is oxygen-rich. 3. Tissues have lower oxygen concentration. 4. Therefore, PO2 in the blood is higher than that in the tissues. Summary: Option B is correct as oxygen moves from blood to tissues due to the concentration gradient. Option A is incorrect as PO2 in blood is higher. Option C is incorrect due to the oxygen concentration difference. Option D is incorrect as the concentration gradient drives oxygen diffusion.
Question 4 of 5
Expiratory muscles contract at the time of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Forceful expiration. During forceful expiration, expiratory muscles such as the internal intercostals and abdominal muscles contract to increase the force of exhalation. This helps in pushing air out of the lungs more effectively. In contrast, during normal expiration (choice D), the expiratory muscles are not significantly engaged as the process is passive. Choices A and B are incorrect because deep inspiration and normal inspiration do not involve the contraction of expiratory muscles.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following gases makes the most stable combination with the haemoglobin of red blood cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: CO. Carbon monoxide (CO) forms a stable combination with hemoglobin, known as carboxyhemoglobin. This is because CO has a higher affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen (choice C), leading to the formation of a stable bond. Choice A (CO2) forms a reversible combination with hemoglobin, while choice D (N) does not bind significantly to hemoglobin. Hence, B is the most stable combination due to CO's strong bond with hemoglobin.