When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct dosing regimen for Morphine typically ranges from 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours as needed for pain. This dosing schedule allows for effective management of pain while monitoring for potential side effects and adjusting the dosage according to the patient's response. Options B, C, and D have dosing regimens that are not within the typical range for Morphine administration and could lead to inappropriate dosing and potential harm to the patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Albuterol is a bronchodilator medication commonly used to treat bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Albuterol can be given in various forms, including extended-release tablets for oral use, inhalation solutions for nebulization, and oral syrups. However, albuterol is not typically administered intravenously because it can cause severe cardiovascular side effects, such as tachycardia and arrhythmias, when given directly into the bloodstream. For this reason, intravenous administration of albuterol is contraindicated in most cases and is not a common route of administration for this medication.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a medication commonly used in the treatment of angina pectoris (chest pain) and heart failure. Its primary action is to dilate the coronary arteries, which are the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients. By dilating these arteries, nitroglycerin helps to increase blood flow to the heart and reduce the workload on the heart muscle, thereby relieving chest pain and improving overall heart function. This vasodilatory effect of nitroglycerin also helps in reducing blood pressure and increasing oxygen supply to the heart. Therefore, the correct action of nitroglycerin is to dilate the coronary arteries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ondansetron is typically administered orally, commonly in the form of tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, or liquid solution. The medication is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract when taken orally, making it an effective route of administration for managing nausea and vomiting. SubQ (subcutaneous), sublingual, and buccal routes are not typical routes of administration for ondansetron.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Anxiolytic agents are drugs that help relieve anxiety. Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as anxiolytics due to their ability to enhance the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. By increasing the inhibitory actions of GABA, benzodiazepines can produce calming and sedative effects, making them effective in treating anxiety disorders. Morphine, promethazine, atropine sulfate, and hyoscine are not typically used as anxiolytic agents.