When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of ______

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When administering Morphine, the typical starting dose for an adult is 2.5 mg to 10 mg every 3 to 4 hours as needed for pain. The dose should be adjusted according to the severity of the pain, the patient's response, and any side effects. Therefore, the correct choice is A, 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours, as it falls within the recommended starting dose range for Morphine administration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor commonly used to treat conditions such as acid reflux and ulcers. It is typically recommended to be taken in the morning on an empty stomach, at least 30 minutes before the first meal of the day. This is because omeprazole works best when the stomach is empty to ensure optimal absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Taking omeprazole with food or at other times of the day may reduce its potency and could lead to suboptimal results in managing the patient's condition.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker, which means it blocks the stimulation of both beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors. By blocking beta1 receptors in the heart, propranolol reduces heart rate and contractility, helping to lower blood pressure and decrease the heart's workload. Blocking beta2 receptors in the lungs may cause some constriction of the airways, so caution is required in patients with respiratory conditions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: ACE inhibitors are commonly used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). They work by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure by narrowing blood vessels. By blocking this enzyme, ACE inhibitors help dilate blood vessels, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. This makes ACE inhibitors an effective therapeutic option for managing hypertension and its associated complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The official name of a drug used in the United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF) is the generic name. The generic name is the non-proprietary name of a drug, which is based on its chemical structure. It is important to distinguish the generic name from other types of names like the brand name (specific name given by the manufacturer) or proprietary name (registered trademark name owned by a pharmaceutical company). In the USP-NF, the generic name is used to refer to the drug in a standardized and universally recognized manner. This helps ensure clarity and consistency in the identification and communication of drug information.