ATI RN
Pharmacology Final ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
When administering the medication Spironolactone, when is the best time to administer it?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best time to administer Spironolactone is in the morning. This is because Spironolactone is a diuretic that can increase urination, and taking it in the morning can help prevent disrupting the sleep cycle by decreasing the need to urinate during the night. Additionally, taking Spironolactone in the morning allows for better management of any potential electrolyte imbalances that may occur as a side effect of the medication, as healthcare providers are more readily available during daytime hours.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is not a phenylpropionic derivatives:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mefenamic acid is not a phenylpropionic derivative. It is classified as a fenamate, structurally related to fenamic acid. The other options (A. ibuprofen, B. fenoprofen, C. naproxen) are all examples of phenylpropionic derivatives, commonly referred to as propionic acids. These drugs have similar chemical structures and mechanisms of action, making them a distinct group within the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) class.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is taking a cephalosporin. The nurse anticipates which appropriate nursing intervention(s) for this medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cephalosporins are antibiotics that can cause nephrotoxicity, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. Monitoring renal function is essential to detect any decline in kidney function early. Liver function studies are also important because cephalosporins can occasionally cause hepatotoxicity. Intravenous cephalosporins should be infused over 30 minutes to ensure proper absorption and minimize adverse effects. Mouth ulcers are not a common side effect of cephalosporins, but monitoring for superinfections, such as oral thrush, is important. Advising the patient to stop the medication when they feel better is incorrect, as it can lead to antibiotic resistance.
Question 4 of 5
In what patient is propranolol (Inderal) contraindicated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-adrenergic blocking agents are contraindicated in patients with bradycardia, heart failure, and heart block. The drug would not be contraindicated in the other patients. The nurse should assess the patient’s medical history and contraindications before administering propranolol to ensure safe and effective treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is receiving TPN at home. The visiting nurse assists the family with the care plan, which includes changing the TPN solution and tubing. What is the recommended initial frequency for changing the tubing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The recommended initial frequency for changing the tubing in a patient receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) at home is every 24 hours, which is option A. This frequency is crucial to prevent bacterial contamination, reduce the risk of infection, and maintain the integrity of the TPN solution. Changing the tubing daily helps ensure that there is no buildup of bacteria or other contaminants that could compromise the patient's health. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they suggest longer intervals between tubing changes, which can increase the risk of infection and compromise the efficacy and safety of the TPN therapy. Infusion tubing should be changed frequently to adhere to best practices in infection control and maintain the sterility of the TPN delivery system. In an educational context, it is important to emphasize to students and healthcare professionals the significance of proper TPN administration and maintenance. Understanding the rationale behind the frequency of tubing changes ensures that patients receive safe and effective care. Reinforcing the importance of infection control measures, such as changing tubing regularly, is essential in providing quality care to patients receiving TPN therapy.