ATI RN
NCLEX Pharmacology Cardiovascular Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
When administering digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) to a patient with severe digoxin toxicity, the nurse knows that each vial can bind with how much digoxin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.5 mg. Digoxin immune Fab binds to digoxin in a 1:1 ratio, meaning each vial can bind with 0.5 mg of digoxin. This is crucial in the treatment of severe digoxin toxicity as it helps to neutralize the toxic effects of digoxin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the 1:1 binding ratio between digoxin immune Fab and digoxin, which is essential in determining the appropriate dose needed for effective treatment.
Question 2 of 5
Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of drugs through liver is minimized:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Rectal administration bypasses the liver initially, reducing first-pass metabolism. 2. Oral administration (Option A) passes through the liver first, increasing metabolism. 3. Transdermal administration (Option B) bypasses the liver but is not as effective in minimizing liver metabolism as rectal. 4. Intraduodenal administration (Option D) directly enters the small intestine, interacting with the liver. Therefore, rectal administration is the appropriate route to minimize liver metabolism.
Question 3 of 5
Give the definition for a therapeutical dose:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutical dose is the amount of a substance required to produce the desired effect in most patients. This is because it aims to provide optimal benefits with minimal side effects. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to a subtherapeutic dose. Choice B is incorrect as it describes a toxic dose. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately define a therapeutical dose.
Question 4 of 5
Indicate the local anesthetic, which is a long-acting agent:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why B (Lidocaine) is the correct answer: 1. Lidocaine has a longer duration of action compared to Procaine and Mepivacaine. 2. Bupivacaine is a long-acting local anesthetic, but it has a longer duration of action than Lidocaine. 3. Therefore, among the given choices, Lidocaine is the long-acting agent with a duration of action longer than Procaine and Mepivacaine. Summary: A: Bupivacaine - Incorrect, longer-acting than Lidocaine. C: Procaine - Incorrect, shorter-acting than Lidocaine. D: Mepivacaine - Incorrect, shorter-acting than Lidocaine.
Question 5 of 5
The dominant initial sights of acute cholinesterase inhibitors intoxication include all of the following except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mydriasis. Cholinesterase inhibitors cause excessive stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to symptoms such as salivation, sweating, bronchial constriction, and GI symptoms. Mydriasis, or pupil dilation, is not a typical initial symptom of cholinesterase inhibitor intoxication. Pupil constriction (miosis) is actually more common due to increased parasympathetic activity. Therefore, mydriasis does not fit the profile of initial symptoms seen in cholinesterase inhibitor intoxication.