ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
When administering a drug, which of the following is not necessarily as important to determine the response of a drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Timing of administration. This is because the timing of administration may influence the pharmacokinetics of the drug but does not necessarily determine the response of the drug itself. Dosage (B), route (C), and frequency (D) are all crucial factors that directly impact the drug's efficacy, safety, and therapeutic effects. Dosage determines the amount of drug reaching the target site, route affects the absorption and distribution of the drug, and frequency determines the duration and intensity of drug action. Therefore, while timing is important for optimal drug effectiveness in some cases, it is not as critical in determining the overall response of a drug compared to dosage, route, and frequency.
Question 2 of 5
Which patient population benefits the most from diuretic therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: African American. This population benefits the most from diuretic therapy due to their higher prevalence of hypertension, as diuretics are particularly effective in managing hypertension in African Americans. This is supported by research showing better response rates to diuretics in this group compared to other antihypertensive medications. A: Those with orthostatic hypertension - Diuretics are not typically the first-line treatment for orthostatic hypertension, as other medications like midodrine are more effective. B: Diabetics - While diuretics can be used in diabetics with hypertension, they are not specifically the population that benefits the most from diuretic therapy. C: Those with stable angina - Diuretics are not indicated for the treatment of stable angina, as they do not address the underlying cause of the condition.
Question 3 of 5
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are most likely indicated in which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Genital infections. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are commonly used to treat bacterial infections in the genital area due to their broad spectrum of activity against various types of bacteria commonly implicated in these infections. They are effective against pathogens such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and other sexually transmitted infections. A: Asthma - Fluoroquinolones are not indicated for the treatment of asthma as they are not effective against the underlying causes of asthma such as inflammation and bronchoconstriction. B: Follicular conjunctivitis - While fluoroquinolones can be used topically in the eye for certain eye infections, they are not typically indicated for follicular conjunctivitis which often requires different types of antibiotics. C: GERD - Fluoroquinolones are not used to treat GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) which is a condition related to stomach acid reflux into the esophagus. Antacids
Question 4 of 5
The antimicrobial that is recommended and highly effective for the treatment of gonorrhea at all anatomic sites of infection:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Parental Ceftriaxone. Ceftriaxone is recommended for treating gonorrhea due to increasing resistance to other antibiotics. It provides broad-spectrum coverage and high efficacy. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Cephalexin is not the first-line treatment for gonorrhea. C: Ciprofloxacin is no longer recommended due to high resistance rates. D: Penicillin is not effective against gonorrhea due to widespread resistance.
Question 5 of 5
Tolerance may be caused by desensitization, internalization or downregulation of receptors, requiring higher drug doses to maintain the same response. Tolerance also often results from enhanced drug elimination that alters the concentrations of drugs available to interact with receptor.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why Answer A is correct: 1. Desensitization, internalization, and downregulation of receptors can lead to tolerance by reducing the responsiveness of receptors to a drug. 2. Higher drug doses are needed to achieve the same effect due to decreased receptor sensitivity. 3. Enhanced drug elimination can reduce drug concentrations, requiring higher doses to achieve the desired response. 4. Therefore, the statement accurately describes the mechanisms of tolerance development. Summary: Choice A is correct because it accurately explains how desensitization, internalization, downregulation of receptors, and enhanced drug elimination can contribute to the development of tolerance. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide a comprehensive explanation of tolerance mechanisms.