When a specimen is required from a resident in an isolation room the nursing assistant should

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because placing the specimen into a biohazard bag while inside the room minimizes the risk of contamination and spread of infectious materials. By handling the specimen within the isolation room and immediately securing it in a biohazard bag, the nursing assistant follows proper infection control protocols. Option B is incorrect because handling the specimen outside the room increases the risk of contamination. Option C is incorrect as it suggests collecting the specimen outside the resident's room, potentially exposing others to the infectious material. Option D is also incorrect as transferring the specimen outside the room while still wearing gloves can lead to cross-contamination.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Broken skin between the toenails Rationale: Broken skin between the toenails can indicate the presence of a pressure injury, also known as a pressure ulcer. Pressure injuries often start as damage to the skin, such as breaks or tears, and can progress to more severe stages if not addressed promptly. Summary of Other Choices: A: Intact skin - This is not a sign of a pressure injury as intact skin does not show any visible damage or breakdown. C: Clean skin - Clean skin does not necessarily indicate the presence of a pressure injury, as cleanliness alone does not provide information on skin integrity. D: Adequate resident hydration - While hydration is important for overall skin health, it is not a direct indicator of a pressure injury.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the respiratory system acts as an air filter, cleaning inhaled air by removing particles and microorganisms before they reach the lungs. This process helps prevent potential harm to the respiratory system and body. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The movement of lymph is primarily controlled by the lymphatic system, not the respiratory system. C: Body temperature regulation is mainly controlled by the thermoregulatory system, not the respiratory system. D: Protection of internal organs from injury is primarily the function of the skeletal and muscular systems, not the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: It affects the ability to reason and remember. Dementia is a progressive condition that impairs cognitive functions such as reasoning, memory, and decision-making. This statement is true as dementia specifically targets these cognitive abilities. A: It is always reversible - This statement is incorrect as dementia is typically irreversible and degenerative in nature. B: It is a sudden state of confusion - This statement is incorrect as dementia develops gradually over time and is not a sudden onset condition. D: It is not a serious illness - This statement is incorrect as dementia is a serious and debilitating condition that requires proper management and care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Breakthrough pain. Breakthrough pain is a type of severe pain that occurs unexpectedly in cancer patients, even when they are already on pain medications. It "breaks through" the regular pain control regimen. This type of pain is often intense and short-lived, requiring immediate treatment. Expressive pain (A) and Receptive pain (D) are not recognized medical terms. Obstructive pain (B) refers to pain caused by physical blockages and is not typically associated with cancer-related pain.