ATI RN
The Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
When a patient requires an ever-increasing dose of a medication to achieve the same therapeutic effect, the nurse must assess the patient for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: tolerance. Tolerance occurs when a patient needs higher doses of a medication to achieve the same therapeutic effect over time. This indicates the body has adapted to the drug, requiring increased doses. Assessing for tolerance is crucial to prevent potential overdose or underdosing. A: Withdrawal is the body's reaction when a patient suddenly stops taking a medication, not when needing higher doses for the same effect. B: Patency refers to the openness of a tube or vessel, not related to needing increased drug doses. C: Side effects are potential adverse reactions to a medication but do not necessarily indicate the need for higher doses.
Question 2 of 5
A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms. The nurse expects to administer which drug as part of the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: methadone. Methadone is commonly used in managing opioid withdrawal symptoms due to its long-acting properties and ability to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It helps stabilize the patient and prevent relapse. Diazepam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not typically for opioid withdrawal. Disulfiram (C) is used for alcohol aversion therapy, not opioid withdrawal. Bupropion (D) is used for smoking cessation, not opioid withdrawal.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been started on therapy of a continuous infusion of lidocaine after receiving a loading dose of the drug. The nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Convulsions. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can cause adverse effects like convulsions, especially with rapid administration or high doses. Drowsiness (A) may occur but is less concerning. Nystagmus (B) is a possible side effect of lidocaine but not a priority to monitor. Dry mouth (C) is not a common adverse effect of lidocaine infusion. Monitoring for convulsions is crucial due to the potential neurotoxic effects of lidocaine.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is taking a xanthine derivative as part of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will monitor for adverse effects associated with the use of xanthine derivatives, such as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: palpitations. Xanthine derivatives, like theophylline, are known to cause cardiac stimulant effects, leading to increased heart rate and palpitations. This is due to their mechanism of action as bronchodilators. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect associated with xanthine derivatives. C: Bradycardia is the opposite of what is expected with xanthine derivatives, which usually increase heart rate. D: Drowsiness is not a typical adverse effect of xanthine derivatives, as they are stimulants and can cause insomnia instead.
Question 5 of 5
Most of drugs are distributed homogeneously.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Most drugs are not distributed homogeneously in the body. Drug distribution is influenced by factors such as blood flow, tissue permeability, protein binding, and pH levels. Drugs can accumulate in specific tissues or organs, leading to variations in distribution. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they make absolute statements that do not accurately reflect the complexities of drug distribution in the body. It is important to consider various factors that affect drug distribution rather than assuming homogeneity.