ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, which of these assessment measures would best reflect the patient™s fluid volume status?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, monitoring intake, output, and daily weight is essential in assessing the patient's fluid volume status. Diuretics promote the excretion of excess fluid from the body, which can lead to changes in fluid balance. Monitoring intake and output provides information about how much fluid the patient is taking in and how much is being excreted, helping to assess the overall fluid balance. Daily weight measurements can also indicate changes in fluid status, as a sudden weight gain or loss may suggest fluid retention or depletion, respectively. Additionally, trends in weight changes over time can provide valuable information about the effectiveness of diuretic therapy and the patient's response to treatment.
Question 2 of 5
Component of local anesthetic solution which serves as vasoconstrictor:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levonordefrin is a vasoconstrictor that is commonly added to local anesthetic solutions to help reduce bleeding and prolong the anesthetic effect by constricting blood vessels at the injection site. Methylparaben, sodium bisulfite, and sodium pyrosulfite are not vasoconstrictors and do not serve this specific function in local anesthetic solutions.
Question 3 of 5
A client with benign prostatic hyperplasia is to receive finasteride (Proscar). The nurse understands that this drug works by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Finasteride (Proscar), a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, shrinks the prostate in BPH by reducing dihydrotestosterone, easing urinary obstruction. Smooth muscle relaxation is for ED drugs like sildenafil. It lowers DHT, not testosterone, and doesn't stimulate RNA synthesis. Prostate shrinkage is its core action, distinct from other mechanisms.
Question 4 of 5
The withdrawal syndrome is a combination of certain drug-specific symptoms that occur on sudden discontinuation of the drug. This syndrome is associated with:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The withdrawal syndrome that occurs on sudden discontinuation of a drug is associated with both psychological dependence (choice A) and physical dependence (choice B).
Question 5 of 5
A patient suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is placed on atomoxetine. A drug that has a similar mechanism of action to atomoxetine is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atomoxetine treats ADHD by selectively inhibiting norepinephrine (NE) reuptake, increasing NE and dopamine in the prefrontal cortex to improve attention and impulse control, without stimulant properties. Methylphenidate blocks DA and NE reuptake but is a stimulant, differing in profile and abuse potential. Botulinum toxin affects neuromuscular junctions, unrelated to ADHD. Clonidine, an alpha-2 agonist, reduces NE release, calming hyperactivity but not via reuptake. Amitriptyline, a TCA, inhibits NE and 5HT reuptake, with broader effects and sedation, used off-label for ADHD in some cases. Its NE reuptake inhibition parallels atomoxetine's core mechanism, though it's less selective and not first-line. Among these, amitriptyline's shared NE focus makes it mechanistically closest.