ATI RN
Chapter 67 Care of Patients with Kidney Disorders Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
When a joint is extended beyond its normal motion it is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When a joint is extended beyond its normal motion, it is termed as hyperextension. This occurs when the joint is moved past its anatomical position in extension. Flexion (choice A) is the bending of a joint, opposed (choice B) is not a term related to joint movement, and pronation (choice C) refers to the rotation of the forearm or foot. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it accurately describes the situation where a joint is extended beyond its normal range of motion.
Question 2 of 5
Employers are required to provide _____________ vaccines free of charge to employees.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hepatitis B is a workplace hazard due to potential exposure to blood and bodily fluids. 2. OSHA requires employers to offer Hepatitis B vaccines to at-risk employees free of charge. 3. This is to prevent occupational transmission of the virus. 4. Measles, Ebola, and Malaria are not typically transmitted in the workplace. Summary: Choice C (Hepatitis B) is correct as it aligns with OSHA regulations and workplace safety. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not mandatory vaccines in the workplace setting.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to assist the patient in using the incentive spirometer. Which nursing intervention should the nurse provide first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform hand hygiene. This should be the first intervention because it ensures patient safety by preventing the spread of infection. Before any patient interaction, proper hand hygiene is essential. Choice B, explaining the use of the mouthpiece, can come after hand hygiene to ensure aseptic technique. Choice C, instructing the patient to inhale slowly, is important but should come after the initial hand hygiene step. Choice D, placing the patient in the reverse Trendelenburg position, is not necessary for using an incentive spirometer and is not the priority at this time.
Question 4 of 5
Opioid antagonists reverse the symptoms of an opioid overdose. Which of the following medications would be effective in reversing the adverse effects of a benzodiazepine overdose?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flumazenil. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that can effectively reverse the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose by competitively inhibiting the binding of benzodiazepines to their receptors in the brain. This action leads to the reversal of sedation, respiratory depression, and other central nervous system effects caused by benzodiazepines. Rationale: A: Naltrexone is an opioid receptor antagonist and would not be effective in reversing the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose. B: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine and would not reverse the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose. D: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist and would not reverse the effects of a benzodiazepine overdose.
Question 5 of 5
Your adult patient is experiencing symptomatic bradycardia with a heart rate of 40 bpm. Once on the monitor, it reveals the patient has a complete third-degree atrioventricular block and is found to be hypotensive as well. Which of the following medications should be avoided, if possible?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atropine. In a patient with symptomatic bradycardia due to complete third-degree AV block, atropine should be avoided if possible because it works by blocking the parasympathetic nervous system, potentially worsening the AV block. The first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia with hypotension in this scenario is transcutaneous pacing or external temporary pacing. If atropine is ineffective or contraindicated, other options like dopamine, dobutamine, or epinephrine may be considered to support blood pressure until more definitive treatment can be initiated. Dopamine and dobutamine can help increase heart rate and improve cardiac output, while epinephrine can provide inotropic and chronotropic support. However, these medications should be used cautiously and in consultation with a specialist due to the risk of exacerbating the AV block.