When a hormone acts on a neighbouring cell, it is said to be a?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Alcohol suppresses ADH secretion, reducing kidney water reabsorption diuresis ensues, dehydrating. ADH increase would retain water, opposite effect. Aldosterone reabsorbs sodium, not directly water alcohol's ADH link is primary. ADH suppression with decreased reabsorption distinguishes it, key to alcohol's diuretic effect, unlike increased or aldosterone-based options.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prolactin from anterior pituitary drives breast development and milk production lactogenic role. Oxytocin ejects milk, not produces. Estrogen aids breast growth but not milk synthesis. ADH manages water, unrelated. Prolactin's milk-producing action distinguishes it, critical for lactation, unlike ejection, growth, or water hormones.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Graves disease (hyperthyroidism) causes exophthalmic goiter eye protrusion from excess T3/T4 stimulating orbital tissues. Hashimoto's (hypothyroidism) lacks this goiter possible but not exophthalmic. Myxedema is hypo-symptom, no bulging. Acromegaly affects bones, not eyes. Graves' hyperactive eye effect distinguishes it, key to its presentation, unlike hypo or unrelated conditions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cortisol isn't a mineralocorticoid it's a glucocorticoid (adrenal cortex), managing stress, glucose via gluconeogenesis (protein breakdown), and fat metabolism (sparing glucose), plus anti-inflammatory effects. Mineralocorticoids (e.g., aldosterone) regulate electrolytes cortisol has minor overlap. Non-mineralocorticoid status distinguishes it, key to its metabolic role, unlike inflammation, protein, or fat truths.