When a family of an accident victim, who has been declared brain-dead, appears open to organ donation, what should the nurse do?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When a family is open to organ donation after a loved one has been declared brain-dead, the nurse's role is to provide compassionate, honest, and non-coercive support while addressing their concerns. The correct choice (B) emphasizes active listening and truthful communication, which is critical in this sensitive situation. Families need accurate information to make an informed decision, and the nurse must create a safe space for them to express doubts, fears, or questions without pressure. This approach respects their autonomy, acknowledges their grief, and ensures they understand the process, including the medical and ethical aspects of organ donation. Choice (A) is incorrect because delaying the decision until grief eases is medically impractical. Organ donation must occur promptly after brain death to ensure the viability of organs for transplantation. Postponing the discussion risks the loss of life-saving opportunities for recipients. While grief is a significant factor, the nurse’s responsibility is to guide the family through the decision-making process with empathy, not defer it indefinitely. Choice (C) is inappropriate as it pressures the family into a quick decision without adequate time for reflection or discussion. Organ donation is a deeply personal choice, and rushing the family could lead to regret or resentment. Ethical practice requires ensuring the family fully comprehends the implications of donation and consents voluntarily, not under duress or haste. Choice (D) is misleading and factually incorrect. Organ donation does not preclude the possibility of a wake or funeral. The surgical recovery of organs is performed with respect for the donor’s body, and funeral arrangements can proceed as planned. Providing inaccurate information could unnecessarily distress the family or dissuade them from considering donation. Transparency about the process, including how the body will be treated, is essential to maintaining trust. The nurse’s primary responsibilities in this scenario are to educate, support, and advocate for the family while upholding ethical standards. By listening attentively and answering questions honestly (B), the nurse helps the family navigate this difficult decision with clarity and dignity, ensuring their choice aligns with their values and the patient’s wishes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Primary nursing care units have been proven to be highly satisfying for both patients and nurses. This model promotes a consistent and continuous relationship between a patient and a primary nurse, leading to improved communication, personalized care, and overall satisfaction for both parties involved.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The holistic approach, encompassing a therapeutic relationship, continuity, and efficient nursing care, is the most satisfying principle of primary nursing. This approach considers the patient as a whole, taking into account physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, which enhances the nurse-patient relationship and promotes comprehensive care. It emphasizes individualized care delivery, continuity of care, and an integrated approach, leading to improved patient satisfaction and nurse fulfillment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a healthcare provider administers treatment, such as an injection, against a patient's refusal or will, it constitutes assault and battery. Assault refers to the intentional act that causes a person to fear that they will be touched without consent, while battery involves the actual harmful or offensive contact. In this scenario, administering the injection without the patient's consent is both an assault (causing fear of unwanted contact) and a battery (unwanted physical contact). Therefore, the correct answer is 'Assault and battery.' Negligence refers to a failure to exercise the appropriate level of care expected in a situation, while malpractice involves professional negligence or misconduct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, if the nurse makes a false verbal statement about the physician being incompetent, it is considered slander. Slander is the act of making defamatory spoken statements or gestures. Libel, on the other hand, refers to defamatory statements that are written or published. Assault involves the threat of physical harm, and respondent superior is a legal doctrine holding an employer responsible for the actions of an employee in the course of employment.