ATI RN
Basic Immune System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
When a B cell undergoes class switching it allows the cell to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Class switching in B cells involves changing the class of antibody produced. 2. This allows the B cell to stop making one class of antibody and start making another. 3. This process enhances the immune response by generating antibodies with different functions. 4. Differentiating into a memory cell (choice A) is a separate process from class switching. 5. Making two or more antibody classes simultaneously (choice B) is not a characteristic of class switching. 6. Costimulatory signals from T helper cells (choice D) are important for B cell activation but not directly related to class switching.
Question 2 of 5
Epithelial cells at mucosal sites have barrier functions exerted through several mechanisms. These mechanisms do not include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phagocytosis of microbes. Epithelial cells primarily act as a physical barrier to prevent the entry of microbes. Phagocytosis is a function of immune cells, not epithelial cells. A: Secretion of mucins helps trap pathogens. B: Secretion of antimicrobial peptides aids in defense. D: Tight junctions form a physical barrier between cells. Therefore, phagocytosis is not a direct mechanism exerted by epithelial cells at mucosal sites.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is not a consequence of anaphylactic shock?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the binding of allergen-specific IgE to mast cells is actually a key event in anaphylactic shock, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators. Constriction of airways (A), loss of blood pressure (B), and hives (C) are all consequences of anaphylactic shock due to the systemic release of histamine and other mediators. IgE binding to mast cells triggers the release of these mediators, causing the symptoms associated with anaphylaxis. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it is not a consequence but rather an initiating event in anaphylactic shock.
Question 4 of 5
Lymphokines are protein substances produced in small amounts by lymphocytes and move from cell to cell carrying message through the immune system. The most common lymphokine is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (D - Interferon): 1. Lymphokines are protein substances produced by lymphocytes. 2. Interferon is a type of lymphokine produced by lymphocytes during viral infections. 3. It helps in regulating the immune response and inhibiting viral replication. 4. Interferon moves from cell to cell carrying messages through the immune system. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Vaccine - Not a lymphokine, but a substance used to stimulate the immune system. B: Antigen - Not a lymphokine, but a substance that triggers an immune response. C: Antibody - Not a lymphokine, but a protein produced by the immune system to neutralize pathogens.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing an immune response involving B and T cells. Which type of immunity is the patient demonstrating?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Humoral immunity. Humoral immunity involves B cells producing antibodies to target pathogens. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies that circulate in the blood and lymph to neutralize pathogens. This type of immunity is specific to antigens and is a key component of the adaptive immune response. Passive immunity (A) is when antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, not involving B and T cells directly. Acquired immunity (C) is a broad term encompassing both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Cell-mediated immunity (D) involves T cells directly targeting infected cells, not B cells producing antibodies.