What would be a tertiary prevention measure implemented by the community health nurse (CHN) to prevent tuberculosis (TB)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Initiating directly observed therapy (DOT) for TB-positive clients. Tertiary prevention aims to reduce the impact of an already established disease. DOT ensures TB-positive clients complete their medication regimen, reducing the spread of TB and preventing drug resistance. Administering PPD (A) is a secondary prevention measure for early detection. Providing education (C) is a primary prevention measure to prevent the onset of TB. Using skin tests (D) is a screening method for early detection and falls under secondary prevention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Organophosphate toxicity. The symptoms described are consistent with organophosphate poisoning, which commonly occurs in farm workers exposed to pesticides. Wheezing can result from respiratory irritation, abdominal cramping from gastrointestinal effects, and fatigue from systemic toxicity. Carbon monoxide poisoning (A) typically presents with headache and confusion. Lead poisoning (B) manifests with symptoms such as abdominal pain and anemia. Sulphur dioxide exposure (D) causes respiratory symptoms like coughing and shortness of breath. Organophosphate toxicity aligns most closely with the reported symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response (CEPR). This group would likely direct the community nursing response because they specialize in coordinating emergency responses at the local level. They have the expertise and resources to manage such situations effectively. A: Canadian Red Cross focuses more on humanitarian aid and disaster relief on a larger scale. B: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention deals with disease control and prevention, not community nursing response in disasters. D: Paramedics are crucial in providing immediate medical care, but they are not typically responsible for directing the overall community nursing response in a disaster.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because an influenza pandemic is characterized by widespread occurrence affecting a large population, with more than 75% of the population being affected. This scenario indicates a significant impact on public health, differentiating it from regular seasonal influenza outbreaks. A is incorrect because the lack of pandemic vaccine production does not necessarily indicate that a pandemic has occurred. B is incorrect as the appearance of a new strain alone does not confirm a pandemic. C is incorrect as the proportion of cases of H1N1 does not necessarily indicate a pandemic, it could be a localized outbreak.