ATI RN
History of Public Health Questions
Question 1 of 5
What was the primary focus of the sanitary movement of the 19th century?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the primary focus of the sanitary movement in the 19th century was the improvement of public sanitation systems. This focus aimed to prevent the spread of diseases by implementing better sanitation practices such as clean water supply and waste disposal. National health insurance (A), smoking-related illnesses (C), and mental health care (D) were not the primary objectives of the sanitary movement during that time period.
Question 2 of 5
Which disease was the focus of the first mass immunization campaign in the United States in the 20th century?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smallpox. Smallpox was the focus of the first mass immunization campaign in the US in the 20th century due to its high mortality rate and contagious nature. The successful global eradication of smallpox in 1980 is a testament to the effectiveness of mass immunization efforts. Polio (choice A) had a significant vaccination campaign, but it came later in the century. Measles (choice C) and Tuberculosis (choice D) were not the focus of the first mass immunization campaign in the US.
Question 3 of 5
Which major international health organization was created to coordinate the global response to health emergencies and improve healthcare access worldwide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The World Health Organization (WHO). WHO was established to coordinate global health efforts, respond to health emergencies, and enhance healthcare access worldwide. It works closely with countries to support healthcare systems and improve health outcomes. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) focuses on disease prevention and control within the United States. B: The United Nations Health Program does not exist; the correct entity is the World Health Organization. D: The World Bank Health Initiative primarily focuses on providing financial assistance for health-related projects, not coordinating global health responses.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following events in the late 19th century led to the improvement of public sanitation systems?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The investigation of a cholera outbreak by John Snow. John Snow's investigation in the 1850s linked a cholera outbreak to contaminated water, leading to the improvement of public sanitation systems. This event highlighted the importance of clean water sources and proper waste disposal. The other choices are incorrect because: A - The CDC was established in the 20th century and focuses on disease control and prevention but not specifically sanitation; C - The smallpox vaccine was developed much earlier and is unrelated to public sanitation systems; D - The Affordable Care Act, passed in 2010, primarily addresses healthcare accessibility and affordability, not sanitation improvements.
Question 5 of 5
What public health initiative, introduced in the mid-20th century, aimed to eliminate polio worldwide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The Global Polio Eradication Initiative. This initiative was specifically designed to eradicate polio worldwide. It was launched in the mid-20th century and has made significant progress in reducing polio cases globally. The other choices are incorrect because: B: The Global Health Security Agenda focuses on preventing, detecting, and responding to infectious disease threats but not specifically aimed at polio eradication. C: The Smallpox Eradication Campaign targeted smallpox, not polio. D: The Global Immunization Program aims to increase immunization coverage but does not solely focus on polio eradication.