What was Peplau's theory?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Peplau's theory is the Interpersonal Theory of Nursing, as she emphasized the importance of the nurse-patient relationship in the healing process. This theory focuses on the therapeutic relationship between the nurse and patient to facilitate growth and healing. Peplau believed that understanding the patient's feelings and behaviors is crucial in providing effective care. Choice B, Psychoanalytic theory, is incorrect because it is a psychological theory developed by Freud, focusing on unconscious motives and childhood experiences. Choice C, Behavioral theory, is incorrect as it emphasizes observable behaviors and conditioning. Choice D, Cognitive theory, is incorrect as it focuses on mental processes such as thinking and problem-solving. Peplau's theory stands out for its emphasis on interpersonal relationships in nursing care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Schizophrenia. Dopamine increase is associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations and delusions. In Parkinson's disease, there is a decrease in dopamine. Depression is linked to low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, not dopamine. Anxiety is more related to imbalances in serotonin and GABA, not dopamine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Depression. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in regulating mood. Decreased serotonin levels are commonly associated with depression. Anxiety (A) is more linked to imbalances in other neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and GABA. Schizophrenia (C) is thought to be related to dopamine dysregulation rather than serotonin. Parkinson's disease (D) is primarily associated with a decrease in dopamine levels in the brain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because GABA is a neurotransmitter that functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, reducing anxiety and excitation by inhibiting neuronal activity. GABA does not directly regulate mood (choice B), cognition and motivation (choice C), or learning and memory (choice D). GABA's primary role is in modulating neuronal activity to maintain balance and prevent overexcitation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Primary prevention involves preventing disease or injury before it occurs by targeting risk factors and promoting health. This is the most effective and cost-efficient approach to improving public health. Other choices, B, C, and D, focus on interventions after the onset of disease or injury, which fall under secondary and tertiary prevention strategies. These options aim to reduce the impact of an existing condition rather than preventing it from happening in the first place. Thus, the correct choice is A as it aligns with the definition and goal of primary prevention.