ATI RN
Client Health and Safety Specifications Questions
Question 1 of 5
What type of logical reasoning is the nurse using when he/she/they starts with the big picture and anticipates specific findings?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Deductive. Deductive reasoning starts with a general principle or theory and applies it to specific situations to draw conclusions. In this scenario, the nurse is using deductive reasoning by starting with the big picture (general principle) and anticipating specific findings (applying the principle to specific situations). Inductive reasoning (choice A) involves drawing general conclusions based on specific observations. Careful reasoning (choice C) and critical reasoning (choice D) are broad terms that do not specifically describe the type of logical reasoning being used in this context.
Question 2 of 5
Which assessment data indicate to the nurse the client diagnosed with ARDS has experienced a complication secondary to the ventilator?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because asymmetrical chest expansion indicates a potential complication such as pneumothorax, a common complication of mechanical ventilation in ARDS. This can lead to decreased lung compliance and oxygenation. A: Urine output may indicate renal function but is not directly related to ventilator complications. B: Pulse oximeter reading greater than 95% indicates good oxygenation, which is a positive finding. D: Sinus tachycardia can be due to various reasons and is not specific to ventilator complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse assesses that a patient in respiratory distress is developing respiratory fatigue and the risk of respiratory arrest when the patient displays which behavior?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a change in respiratory rate from rapid to slow indicates impending respiratory failure. Initially, a rapid respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism to maintain oxygenation. However, a shift to slow breathing suggests fatigue and impending respiratory arrest. A: Incorrect. Inability to breathe unless sitting upright is indicative of orthopnea, not necessarily respiratory fatigue leading to respiratory arrest. B: Incorrect. Using abdominal muscles during expiration is a normal breathing pattern and may not necessarily indicate impending respiratory arrest. C: Incorrect. An increased inspiratory-expiratory ratio may indicate respiratory distress but not specifically respiratory fatigue leading to respiratory arrest.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse will monitor for clinical manifestations of hypercapnia when a patient in the emergency department has
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: chest trauma and multiple rib fractures. This condition can lead to impaired ventilation and hypoventilation, resulting in retention of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia). The other choices do not directly lead to hypercapnia. B: carbon monoxide poisoning affects oxygen transport, not carbon dioxide levels. C: left-sided ventricular failure causes hypoxia, not hypercapnia. D: tachypnea in ARDS may lead to hypocapnia, not hypercapnia. Therefore, chest trauma with rib fractures is the most likely scenario to cause hypercapnia.
Question 5 of 5
When admitting a patient in possible respiratory failure with a high PaCO2, which assessment information will be of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The patient is somnolent. This indicates potential respiratory fatigue, requiring immediate intervention. Somnolence suggests worsening respiratory function, leading to further CO2 retention. SpO2 at 90% (choice B) is concerning but not as urgent as hypercapnia. Weakness (choice C) is a common symptom but not as critical as somnolence. Blood pressure of 162/94 (choice D) is high but not directly related to respiratory failure. Prioritize addressing the somnolence to prevent further deterioration.