What two tendons comprise the first dorsal compartment of the wrist?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (APL). These two tendons make up the first dorsal compartment of the wrist. The EPB is responsible for extending the thumb, while the APL is responsible for abducting the thumb. The other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the tendons that comprise the first dorsal compartment. Choice B incorrectly pairs the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB). Choice C lists extensor carpi radialis longus and APL, which are not part of the first dorsal compartment. Choice D pairs extensor carpi radialis brevis and APB, which is also incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Melanocytes. Melanocytes are responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. In burn patients, destruction of melanocytes leads to hypopigmentation as there is a reduced or absence of melanin production. Keratinocytes (A) are the most abundant cells in the epidermis, but they do not contribute to skin pigmentation. Basement membrane (C) provides structural support but does not play a direct role in skin pigmentation. Hair follicles (D) are primarily involved in hair growth and do not affect skin pigmentation directly.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Solid ankle cushioned heel (SACH). This term describes a common type of prosthetic foot design with a solid ankle and a cushioned heel. The solid ankle provides stability and support, while the cushioned heel helps absorb shock during walking. Choice A is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the components of a SACH foot. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to a different type of prosthetic foot design. Choice C is also incorrect as it does not represent the correct acronym for SACH.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Arterial insufficiency. Cold therapy constricts blood vessels, which can worsen arterial insufficiency by further reducing blood flow. Acute sprains, chronic muscle spasms, and spasticity benefit from cold therapy due to its ability to reduce inflammation, pain, and muscle spasm respectively. Cold therapy is contraindicated for arterial insufficiency as it can exacerbate the condition by further compromising blood flow.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dorsal surface of the hand; the skin is thinner on this surface than on the palms. Rationale: 1. The dorsal surface of the hand has thinner skin compared to the thicker skin on the palmar surface, making it more sensitive to temperature changes. 2. Thinner skin allows for better detection of subtle temperature variations, making it ideal for accurately assessing the patient's skin temperature. 3. The fingertips (choice A) may be more sensitive to touch, but for temperature assessment, the dorsal surface is more reliable due to its thinner skin. 4. The ulnar portion of the hand (choice C) having increased blood supply does not necessarily enhance temperature sensitivity; it is more related to vascular function. 5. The palmar surface (choice D) may have increased nerve supply, but its thickness can dampen the sensitivity to detect subtle temperature changes. In summary, the correct choice (B) is supported by the anatomical characteristics of the dorsal hand